Introduction

The Command Prompt, often referred to as cmd, is a powerful, text-based interface for interacting with the operating system. While modern computing tends to rely heavily on graphical user interfaces (GUIs), the command-line interface (CLI) remains an essential tool, especially for system administrators, developers, and advanced users who need greater control over their operating systems.

In Windows, the Command Prompt provides an efficient way to manage system resources, troubleshoot issues, and automate tasks. Despite the rise of more advanced terminal tools and shells, such as PowerShell or Linux-based terminal emulators, the classic cmd remains one of the most important and versatile tools for many users.

This comprehensive guide will walk you through the cmd utility, discussing its key functions, major use cases, architectural components, and how to work with it effectively. We’ll also provide a step-by-step guide to getting started with cmd, offering examples and practical tips along the way.

What is CMD?

The Command Prompt, often known as cmd or cmd.exe, is the command-line interface built into Microsoft Windows. It allows users to interact with the operating system by typing commands rather than using the standard graphical user interface (GUI). Although many commands that users execute in cmd can be done through the GUI, using the command-line interface provides a more flexible and efficient way to perform complex tasks and automate repetitive operations.

The cmd utility works by executing a series of commands typed by the user, interpreting those commands, and returning output. These commands could involve anything from file system navigation and program execution to system management and configuration.

In Windows, cmd serves as the default command-line interpreter, and it is often used in conjunction with batch files (.bat or .cmd files), which allow users to automate multiple tasks by running a script of commands in sequence.

Key Features of CMD

Here are some key features that make CMD a vital tool for various users:

1. File System Management

CMD allows for comprehensive file and directory management through a series of commands that can be used to navigate the file system, create and delete files, move or copy files, and modify file attributes.

2. Batch Scripting and Automation

With CMD, users can create batch scripts to automate repetitive tasks. Batch scripts contain a series of commands that are executed in sequence. This automation capability is widely used for system configuration, backups, and other maintenance tasks.

3. System Configuration

Through cmd, users can access a wide range of system settings and modify environment variables, control user accounts, and execute system-level tasks like managing network connections and services.

4. Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Tools

CMD is heavily used for diagnostic tasks. Commands like ping, tracert, ipconfig, and chkdsk are frequently used by system administrators to troubleshoot network issues, check disk integrity, and gather system information.

5. Network Configuration

CMD provides a variety of tools for managing and configuring network settings. It can be used to view IP addresses, configure network interfaces, and test connectivity between devices on a network.

Major Use Cases of CMD

The Command Prompt (cmd) has a wide range of uses, from file management to network diagnostics and automation. Below are the major use cases of cmd in both everyday computing and professional IT environments:

1. File and Directory Management

CMD allows users to perform tasks such as:

• Navigating Directories: Using cd (change directory) to move between directories.
• Listing Directory Contents: Using dir to view files and folders within the current directory.
• Creating and Deleting Files: Using commands like mkdir (make directory) to create directories, and del to remove files.
• Moving and Renaming Files: Commands like move and rename are used to organize files and folders.

Example:

cd C:UsersYourNameDocuments
dir

2. Batch Scripting and Automation

Batch scripting allows users to automate sequences of commands. For example, a user might write a script to back up files, automate system checks, or clean up temporary files. These scripts save time and reduce errors in repetitive tasks.

Example:

@echo off
echo Performing system cleanup...
del C:WindowsTemp* /f /q
echo Cleanup complete.

3. Network Troubleshooting

CMD provides several commands to troubleshoot and manage network settings. Common tools include:

• ping: Used to test network connectivity between two devices.
• ipconfig: Displays the IP configuration of the system.
• tracert: Traces the route packets take to a destination and helps identify network bottlenecks.
• netstat: Displays active network connections.

Example:

ping google.com

4. System Diagnostics and Maintenance

System administrators often use CMD to diagnose and maintain Windows systems. Common diagnostic commands include:

• chkdsk: Checks the disk for errors and attempts repairs.
• sfc: Scans system files for integrity and restores missing or corrupt files.
• tasklist: Lists currently running processes.

Example:

chkdsk C: /f

5. Managing System Settings

CMD allows users to configure system settings such as user accounts, network settings, and system services:

• Setting Environment Variables: set command can be used to define system-wide or user-specific environment variables.
• User Management: net user command can be used to manage user accounts.
• Service Management: Commands like net start and net stop allow users to start or stop services.

Example:

net user username /add

6. Running Executables and Programs

With CMD, you can run executable programs and scripts directly from the command line, which is essential for running automation tasks or launching background processes. You can also pass arguments to programs or configure environment variables for the running processes.

Example:

python myscript.py

How CMD Works Along with Architecture

To understand how cmd works, it’s helpful to look at the architecture and components that make it function:

1. Command Processor (cmd.exe)

The primary component responsible for interpreting and executing commands in cmd is the Command Processor. cmd.exe is the executable that launches the Command Prompt window, allowing users to interact with the system. When you open the Command Prompt, the cmd.exe process is started, which then reads and executes commands typed by the user.

The command processor takes user input and attempts to match it to known commands. If the command is found, it executes the corresponding program or function. If no matching command is found, cmd.exe will return an error message indicating that the command is not recognized.

2. Batch File Interpreter

In addition to processing individual commands, cmd.exe is also responsible for executing batch files. Batch files are scripts that contain a series of commands, which cmd.exe runs sequentially. Batch files are typically used for automating tasks and workflows.

Batch File Execution:
When you run a batch file, cmd.exe reads each line of the file and executes the commands in order. Batch files can include conditional logic, loops, and variables, providing powerful automation capabilities.

3. Environment Variables

cmd.exe uses environment variables to store system-wide settings and configuration information. These variables contain information about the system, such as the paths for system executables, user directories, and network settings.

For example, the PATH variable tells the operating system where to look for executables when running commands. You can modify environment variables using the set command or by editing system settings.

4. Command Execution Pipeline

When a user types a command in cmd, it can invoke one or more programs, pass data between them, or redirect input/output. The Command Prompt allows for the creation of execution pipelines, where the output of one command can be used as the input for another command.

Example of piping commands:

dir | find "example"

This command first lists the contents of the directory and then pipes the output to the find command, which searches for the term “example.”

Basic Workflow of CMD

The typical workflow for using the Command Prompt follows these steps:

1. Open Command Prompt:
   To start using cmd, first open the Command Prompt application. This can be done by searching for cmd or Command Prompt in the Start menu or pressing Win + R and typing cmd.
2. Enter Commands:
   Once the Command Prompt is open, you can enter commands in the terminal window. These commands can range from simple file operations (like dir or cd) to more advanced system configuration or diagnostic tasks.
3. Execute Commands:
   After entering a command, press Enter to execute it. The Command Prompt will execute the command, display the results in the terminal window, or alert you to any errors.
4. Automate with Batch Files:
   For tasks you perform repeatedly, you can create a batch file containing a series of commands. Batch files allow you to automate your workflow and save time.
5. Close Command Prompt:
   Once you’re finished, you can exit the Command Prompt by typing exit and pressing Enter, or by clicking the “X” button in the window.

Step-by-Step Getting Started Guide for CMD

Step 1: Open Command Prompt

• Windows 10/11: Press Win + X and select Command Prompt or search for cmd in the Start menu.
• Windows 7/8: Press Win + R, type cmd, and press Enter.

Step 2: Enter Basic Commands

Once cmd is open, you can enter commands like:

cd C:UsersYourNameDocuments  # Change to a specific directory
dir                               # List files in the current directory

Step 3: Create and Run a Batch Script

You can automate tasks by writing batch scripts:

1. Open a text editor and write commands like: @echo off echo Hello, World! pause
2. Save the file as example.bat.
3. Double-click the batch file to run it.

Step 4: Use Advanced Commands

To manage system settings or perform troubleshooting, use more advanced commands such as:

• ipconfig: Check network settings.
• chkdsk: Check and repair disk issues.
• sfc /scannow: Repair system files.

Step 5: Automate with More Complex Scripts

As you grow more comfortable with cmd, you can create more complex batch files with loops, conditionals, and variables. For example:

@echo off
set /p username=Enter your name: 
echo Hello, %username%!

The post Understanding cmd: The Command Line Interface of Windows appeared first on scmGalaxy.

These are the essential keyboard shortcuts that every Windows user should know:

The post Top 30 most useful shortcuts in windows operating system? appeared first on scmGalaxy.

It is hard and time consuming to search a file/folder in Window 7 and 8. “Everything” is a great tool to solve this issue.

Here are some of the benefits of Everything search engine:

1. Small installation file
2. Clean and simple user interface
3. Quick file indexing
4. Quick searching
5. Minimal resource usage
6. Share files with others easily
7. Real-time updating

Details….URL 

http://www.voidtools.com/

1.1 What is “Everything”?

“Everything” is an administrative tool that locates files and folders by filename instantly for Windows.
Unlike Windows search “Everything” initially displays every file and folder on your computer (hence the name “Everything”).
You type in a search filter to limit what files and folders are displayed.

1.2 How long will it take to index my files?

“Everything” only uses file and folder names and generally takes a few seconds to build its database.
A fresh install of Windows XP SP2 (about 20,000 files) will take about 1 second to index.
1,000,000 files will take about 1 minute.

1.3 Does Everything search file contents?

No, “Everything” does not search file contents, only file and folder names.

1.4 Does “Everything” hog my system resources?

No, “Everything” uses very little system resources.
A fresh install of Windows XP SP2 (about 20,000 files) will use about 3-5mb of ram and less than 1mb of disk space.
1,000,000 files will use about 45mb of ram and 5mb of disk space.

1.5 Does “Everything” monitor file system changes?

Yes, “Everything” does monitor file system changes.
Your search windows will reflect changes made to the file system.

1.6 Is “Everything” free?

Yes, “Everything” is Freeware.
If you use “Everything” in a commercial environment and find it useful a donation would be appreciated.

1.7 Does “Everything” miss changes made to the file system if it is not running?

No, “Everything” can be closed and restarted without missing changes made to the file system (even across system restarts).
“Everything” updates the database when it is started.

1.8 What are the system requirements for “Everything”?

“Everything” will run on Windows 2000, XP, 2003 and Vista and Windows 7
“Everything” will only locate files and folders on local NTFS volumes.
“Everything” requires administrative privileges for low level read access to volumes.

1.9 How do I convert a volume to NTFS?

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/307881

1.10 Can “Everything” index a mapped network drive?

No, “Everything” only indexes local or removable NTFS volumes.

To search a networked computer you will need to run Everything on both computers.
One computer will need to Start an ETP server.
The other computer will need to connect to that ETP server.

To start an ETP server:
1. In Everything, On the Tools menu, click Start ETP server.

To connect to an ETP server:
1. In Everything, On the Tools menu, click Connect to ETP Server….
2. Type in the ETP server name.
3. Type in the ETP server port.
4. Type in the ETP server user.
5. Type in the ETP server password.
6. Click OK.

1.11 How do I install the language pack?

Download the language pack Everything.lng.zip
Unzip the language pack into the folder where “Everything” is installed.
Restart Everything.
In “Everything”, On the Tools menu, click Options.
Click the General tab.
Select your language from the Language dropdown list.
Click OK.
In the “language change” popup, Click OK.
Restart Everything.

1.12 How do I bypass the UAC to run “Everything” with administrative privileges on system startup?

Disable run on system startup in “Everything”.
Follow the Make Vista launch UAC restricted programs at startup with Task Scheduler guide at
http://blogs.techrepublic.com/window-on-windows/?p=616
Make sure you use -startup in the Add Arguments box

1.13 How do I bypass the UAC to run “Everything” with administrative privileges when I start it from a shortcut ?

http://blogs.techrepublic.com/window-on-windows/?p=730

2 Searching

2.1 How do I search for a file or folder?

Type the partial file or folder name into the search edit, the results will appear instantly.

2.2 How do I use boolean operators?

AND is the default boolean operator.
For example, here is how to search for foo and bar: foo bar
To search for either of two search terms, add a | between the terms.
For example, here is how to search for .jpg or .bmp: .jpg | .bmp
To exclude something from the search include a ! at the front of the term.
For example, here is how to search for abc and not 123: abc !123

2.3 How do I use wildcards?

Using a * in your search will match any number of any type of character.
For example, here is how to search for files and folders that start with e and end with g: e*g
Using a ? in your search will match one character.
For example, here is how to search for files that have a 2 letter file extension: *.??

2.4 How do I use regex?

2.5 How do I include spaces in my search?

To include spaces in your search enclose your search in double quotes.
For example, here is how to search for foo<space>bar: “foo bar”

2.6 How do I search for a file type?

To search for a file type, type the file extension into the search edit,
ie to search for the mp3 file type, type *.mp3 into the search edit.
To search for more than one type of file type use a | to separate file types,
ie *.bmp|*.jpg will search for files with the extension bmp or jpg.

2.7 How do I search for files and folders in a specific location?

To search for files and folders in a specific location include a \ in your search string.
For example, here is how to search for all your avis in a downloads folder: downloads\ .avi
You could alternately enable Match Path in the Search menu and include the location in your search string.
For example, here is how to search for all your avis in a downloads folder with Match Path enabled: downloads .avi

3 Results

3.1 How do I jump to a file or folder in the result list?

Make sure the result list has focus by tabbing to it with the keyboard or clicking in it with the mouse.
Type in the partial or full name of the file or folder you want to jump to.
For example, to jump to files or folders begining with “New” type New into the result list.

4 Customizing

4.1 How can I change the “Everything” icon?

Requires “Everything” 1.2.0 beta or later.
Copy your icon file into “Everything”‘s installation folder and rename it to “Everything.ico”.
Restart “Everything”.

4.2 How can I set “Everything” to use an external file manager?

Requires “Everything” 1.2.0 beta or later.
Exit Everything.
Open Everything.ini in “Everything”‘s installation folder.
Add the following 2 lines to the bottom of the ini:
open_folder_command=$exec(“ExternalFileManager.exe” “%1”)
open_folder_path_command=$exec(“ExternalFileManager.exe” “$parent(%1)”)
Replace the text ExternalFileManager.exe with the full path and file name of your file manager executable.
Check your external file manager help for any required command line parameters.
Restart “Everything”.

5 Troubleshooting

5.1 Everything requests for administrator privileges in Windows Vista SP1

“Everything” requires administrator privileges because it needs raw read access to your hard drives.
Click accept to allow “Everything” to continue running.

5.2 The result list is empty

Make sure you have atleast one local NTFS volume.
See How do I convert a volume to NTFS.

Make sure “Everything” has administrator privileges.

To manually enable all local NTFS volumes for indexing:
1. In Everything, On the Tools menu, click Options.
2. Click the Volumes tab.
3. For each volume in the Local NTFS volumes list:
4. Check Check Media.
5. Check Enable USN Journal logging.
6. Check Include in database.
7. Check Monitor changes.
8. Repeat for each volume.
9. Click OK.

5.3 Right clicking on a file or folder crashes

Please replace your Everything.exe with the following beta to workaround the problem:
http://www.voidtools.com/Everything-1.2.1.375b.zip.

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Installation often means that once a program is installed, the user can run the program over and over again, without reinstalling it again before using each time. Until one does not uninstall the program or the program does not allow further execution, you will have to install it again. However, sometimes one can encounter problems while installing a program. Here are some simple steps that will help you in resolving windows installer problems:

teps:

• First thing to do for resolving windows installer problem is identifying it. When you are trying to install or uninstall something, you might get a warning message like:

“The windows installer cannot be accessed”

“Windows installer service cannot be started”

“Could not start the windows installer service on Local computer. Error 5:

access is denied.”

• These error messages will often appear on the screen when the installation of the MSI package has failed or when the windows installer service is disabled.
• Method 1: first unregister windows installer, and then you will have to register it again. For resolving windows installer problems of such a nature, just do the following things. Go on the ’start’ menu and click on the ‘run’ option. In the dialog box start typing ‘msiexec/unreg’, and then press the enter key.
• Go on the ’start’ menu again and click on the ‘run’ option. In the dialog box start typing, ‘msiexec/regserver’ and then press the ‘enter’ key.
• Method 2: you can upgrade the windows installer to a higher version or a newer version. For this, open the internet explorer page, and go to the Microsoft website. Go to the link, http://msdn.microsoft.com/downloads. On the left side you will get an option of ’setup and system administration’ and now click on the ’setup’ option.
• Select the ‘windows installer’, and then choose the appropriate link for your operating system. Now click on the ‘download’ option and install the new version or install the higher version of windows installer.
• Method 3: for resolving windows installer problem, you might have to uninstall the failed product with the help of an installer cleanup. The description for the windows installer cleanup utility is, http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;290301
• Method 4: if the windows service is disabled on your computer, then go to the ’start’ menu, select ‘run’ option and type ’services.msc’ and click enter. Now, double click on the option of windows installer.
• Method 5: check the DCOM and the permission by the system through http://support.microsoft.com/?id=319624
• Method 6: another thing you can do for resolving windows installer problem is

The post How to Resolve Windows Installer Problem appeared first on scmGalaxy.

Standard disclaimer: Under no circumstances should you use this information to create a custom Firefox install and redistribute it to anyone outside your organization. If you want more information, you can consult the Mozilla Foundation Trademark Policy.

What tools do I need to work with the Firefox installer?

The primary tool you need is 7-Zip. I install the MozillaBuild package which gives me all the tools I need. Even though the Firefox Installer is NSIS based, we will not need to use NSIS for most customizations. I’ll talk a little bit about the end about what kinds of things you would need NSIS to do.

How do I unpack the Firefox installer?

The Firefox installer is created using 7-Zip. So you can grab any of the Windows installers that end in EXE and unpack them. Any of the Windows installers on the Firefox download page will work. Once you’ve downloaded the EXE, create a temporary directory and type:

7z x "Firefox Setup 3.6.3.exe"

This will unpack the contents of the installer so we can modify it.

How do I bundle my extension with the Firefox installer?

Bundling your extension with the Firefox installer is just a matter of putting it in the right place. Then when we package up the installer at the end, it will get installed along with Firefox. For most extensions, the right place is nonlocalized/extensions. Inside that directory, create a subdirectory that corresponds to the ID of the extension you want to preinstall with Firefox. Then unzip the XPI into that directory. You can find the ID by looking at the install.rdf file inside the XPI. You can add as many extensions as you want into the installer.

What are some useful extensions I can bundle with Firefox

I’ve created two extensions that create interesting things to bundle with Firefox. The first is the CCK Wizard. The CCK Wizard can be used to change various defaults in Firefox so that you can customize it for deployment in your organization. The second is Rebrand. Rebrand allows you to change the internal branding used in Firefox.

Can I change the names used in the installer?

Yes, you can change the names used in the installer. To do this, you need to create a directory called distribution inside the localized directory that was created when you unpacked the installer. Create a file called setup.ini in this directory. Here’s what it looks like:

[Branding]
BrandFullName=Mike's Browser
BrandShortName=Browser

BrandFullName will be used to replace “Mozilla Firefox” and BrandShortName will be used to replace “Firefox”.

Can I change the images used in the installer?

Yes, you can change the images used in the installer. In that same directory where you put the setup.ini, you can put two files, modern-wizard.bmp and modern-header.bmp. The first images corresponds to the large image on the first page of the installer. The second image corresponds to the small image that is used on later pages of the installer. You can use the linked images as a reference to know what size to make these images.

How do I repackage the installer?

To repackage the installer, first you need to zip up the changes that you made. Type:

7z a -r -t7z app.7z -mx -m0=BCJ2 -m1=LZMA:d24 -m2=LZMA:d19 -m3=LZMA:d19 -mb0:1 -mb0s1:2 -mb0s2:3

This will create a file called app.7z that has all the changes we made. Now we need to package that file with some other files to create the final EXE. We’ll need the file 7zSD.sfx which you can download from Mozilla. And we’ll need a file called app.tag which you can create. It looks like this:

;!@Install@!UTF-8!
Title="Mozilla Firefox"
RunProgram="setup.exe"
;!@InstallEnd@!

Once we have these files, we can run the command:

copy /B 7zSD.sfx+app.tag+app.7z our_new_installer.exe

to package them all as an EXE. Don’t forget the /B. It indicates that the files are binary so Windows won’t put an EOF marker on them.

Can I change the defaults that are set in the installer like the install directory or the checkboxes?

At this time, there is no way to change the defaults in the installer without rebuilding the installer. There’s a bug open on this with a patch, so hopefully this will be fixed for Firefox 4.

Can I make my totally rebranded Firefox coexist nicely with an existing Firefox?

There are a couple ways to do this. The easiest way is to use the -no-remote parameter when you start Firefox. This causes the Firefox you are starting to not connect to the Firefox that is currently running. When you do this, you have to specify a different profile using the -P parameter. Alternatively, you can change the internal identifiers that Firefox uses. Then it will be considered to be a completely different browser. If you choose to do this, you should be aware that you will not receive updates and there will be other side effects. This is not a decision that should be taken lightly. Also, your profiles will be stored in different locations as well. If you want to do this, check out the file application.ini in the nonlocalized directory. The variables you want to change are Vendor and Name. Again, you do this at your own risk.

What can I do if I’m willing to rebuild the installer with NSIS?

If you are willing to rebuild the installer, you can change things like the name of the entry in the Add/Remove programs list, as well as the install directory and other defaults. This is a nontrivial exercise because some of the required files are built as part of the Mozilla build proces and are not available in the build tree. If you’re really interested in doing this, you can contact Kaply Consulting and we can talk about it.

I hope this answered some questions folks have. If anyone has any more questions, please don’t hesistate to ask.

The post Customizing the Firefox Installer on Windows appeared first on scmGalaxy.

How to Run a Program as an Administrator in Windows

Good URL-
www.sevenforums.com/tutorials/11841-run-administrator.html

Regards,
Rajesh Kumar
Twitt me @ twitter.com/RajeshKumarIn

The post How to Run a Program as an Administrator in Windows appeared first on scmGalaxy.

Solution:
You need to run the command prompt as an Administrator to avoid the problem. For example:
1. click on start
2. click “All Programs”
3. click on accessories
4. right click on “Command Prompt” icon
5. click “properties”
6. click on the “shortcut” tab on the top
7. click the advanced button at the bottom
8. click on the check box that says “Run as Administrator”.
9. click OK
When you now use the modified shortcut to the command prompt session it will allow you to perform Administrator operations and avoid the error.

The post Windows: “OpenSCManager failed – Access is denied. (0x5)” errors when appeared first on scmGalaxy.

When you endeavour and install a software application onto your computer, such as Adobe Acrobat Reader,error 1311 typically appears. The error will specifically state that the installer cannot read a particular “.cab” file, stopping it from being able to install the application.The cause of this error is vitually down to the way where your computer will be endeavouring to install the program onto your computer – it will have placed the “.cab”A file into a folder that it no more has access to, which will puzzle the installer and trigger it to stop working.

The way in which Windows PCs install programs result in the 1311 error shows.Probably many people don’t know this,however,it will basically take a large list of files, settings & options, and then place them into designated folders on your system whenever you install an application onto your system.Many of the files which required to be transferred onto your computer are vitually compressed into a series of “cabinet” or.cab files, making it important

yourcomputer can read these files properly.Unluckily, it’s usualthe case that Windows will either damage the.cab files or just be unable to read them,stoping your computer from being able to properly process the installation.In order to repair the 1311 error,the solution is to first make sure that your installation file for the particular piece of software is working properly,and then that Windows is working okay and that you don’t have any further issues on your computer.

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Bootstrap a Microsoft Windows node, the “knife windows” plugin is required, 

More info about knife window tool, http://docs.chef.io/plugin_knife_windows.html

knife bootstrap windows winrm uvo1eak9a5geec05f7z.vm.cld.sr –winrm-user administrator –winrm-password ‘Rx4m7W4PQu’ –node-name firefox_win –run-list ‘recipe[snc_firefox]’

nife bootstrap windows winrm uvo1eak9a5geec05f7z.vm.cld.sr -x administrator -P Rx4m7W4PQu

The post Bootstrap a Microsoft Windows node using Chef appeared first on scmGalaxy.

Step 1- Generate a public/private key using puttygen

• Download a puttygen from  and generate a public key and private key by following below image.
• Click on Conversions à Export OpenSSH Key à  and save it to % USERPROFILE %\.ssh with file name “id_rsa”
• Copy the public key from puttygen window and save into gitlab.

Step 2-  Add .ssh folder to your command line path
By following command..

     set HOME=%USERPROFILE%

or
add into user system variable.
HOME=%USERPROFILE%

And you are good to go. Comment if you face any issues?

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Windows Resource Kits
The Microsoft® Windows Resource Kit Tools are a set of tools to help administrators streamline management tasks such as troubleshooting operating system issues, managing Active Directory®, configuring networking and security features, and automating application deployment.

Task and Responsibilities

• Deployment
• System administration scripting
• Directory services
• Networking and internetworking
• Internet services
• Custom and automated installations
• Registry
• Security
• Policy-based administration
• Server management
• Clustering and load balancing
• Performance management
• Troubleshooting

About the Windows Server 2003 Resource Kit
Once you have download and installed the resource kit (very easy process), you are pretty much set up, now all you need to do it work with each tool so you know what they can do, and that’s the intention of this article series.

After the installation, go to Start => All Programs => Windows Resource Kit Tools => Command Shell

Download – http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/confirmation.aspx?id=17657

If you do a dir, you will see the directory listing for all the files listed here. Each file has a brief description of what it does:

Clearmem.exe: Clear Memory
Compress.exe: Compress Files
Confdisk.exe: Disk Configuration Tool
Consume.exe: Memory Consumers Tool
Dh.exe: Display Heap
Delprof.exe: User Profile Deletion Utility
Diskuse.exe: User Disk Usage Tool
Gpmonitor.exe: Group Policy Monitor
Instsrv.exe: Service Installer
Memmonitor.exe: Memory Monitor
Vrfydsk.exe: Verify Disk

Reference – http://www.windowsnetworking.com/articles-tutorials/windows-2003/Windows-Server-2003-Resource-Kit.html

What is Windows Service?
Windows Service applications run for a long time and are mostly used in server environments therefore they are usually called long-running applications. Capability to create windows service is one of the powerful features of .net.

Windows Service applications do not have any user interface or they do not produce any visual output. Services can run in the background while a user is performing or executing any other task in the foreground. If any user messages are generated, they are written to the Windows Event Log.

Windows Services are controlled by the Service Control Manager that helps to start, stop or pause the windows service, as needed.

Examples of windows services include task scheduling, running message queues, file indexing, plug and play device detection etc.

In the source code, Windows Service extends the System.ServiceProcess.Service class.

All Windows Services that are built in .NET need to extend this class. Visual studio includes the following methods by default, which are overridden by the service when it is created.
Dispose – clean up any managed and unmanaged resources
OnStart – control the service startup
OnStop – control the service stoppage

How to create Windows Service?

• Select a new project from File menu.
• Expand “Visual Basic” tab and select “Windows”.
• Then select Windows Service in it and specify the name of the service.
• Then right click on the form and select Add Installer.
• Project Installer gets added.
• Select ServiceInstaller1, go to properties and set DisplayName, ServiceName and set StartType as Automatic.
• Then select ServiceProcessInstaller1 and set Account property as LocalSystem.

Windows troubleshooting For Build Issues

• OS Environment issues
• Application Configuration settings
• OS Memory Utilization
• Disk I/O activies
• Services running
• Network issues

Chkdsk
The Windows Chkdsk (check disk) utility can find and fix common problems with disks and storage devices.

Disk Cleanup utility
The Disk Cleanup utility is a simple tool in Windows XP and Windows Vista that can remove temporary files from your PC, thus freeing up hard disk space.

The post Introduction of Windows Internal | Windows Internal Overview | Windows Internal Quick Guide appeared first on scmGalaxy.

Make for Windows: NMake

What is Nmake?
NMAKE is Microsoft’s implementation of the make tool. The Microsoft Program Maintenance Utility (NMAKE.EXE) is a 32-bit tool that builds projects based on commands contained in a description file.

Another definition found on web as well
nmake is the “make” program for Visual Studio. A “make” program builds (makes) an executable and/or package by reading a set of “make” files. These files are essentially scripts that specify what is to be made, what files (header, source code, resource) are needed for each output file, etc. So nmake can be used to completely automate the process.

A frequently asked question: “Where can I find make for Windows?“. The answer is: “Download and use NMake“.

Downloading NMake
http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;Q132084

Direct Downloan Link of Nmake
http://download.microsoft.com/download/vc15/patch/1.52/w95/en-us/nmake15.exe

Installing NMake

Run the downloaded executable to extract the files. Copy both the NMAKE.EXE and the NMAKE.ERR file to your Perl bin directory, normally C:\Perl\bin. Make sure that you copy the NMAKE.ERR file as well.

1. Download nmake15.exe

2. Double click on nmake15.exe. It will generate 3 files: nmake.exe, nmake.err and readme.txt.

3. Copy nmake.exe and nmake.err to \perl\bin, which is where ActivePerl executable files are located.

4. Now try the nmake command in a command window. If you see the following message, NMake 1.5 is installed correctly:

>nmake

Microsoft (R) Program Maintenance Utility   Version 1.50    Copyright (c) Microsoft Corp 1988-94. All rights reserved.

NMAKE : fatal error U1064: MAKEFILE not found and no target specified    Stop.

Example of an NMake session

Normally building Perl modules and installing them consist of the following steps:

perl Makefile.pl
make
make test
make install

Reference:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd9y37ha%28v=vs.71%29.aspx

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Syncro SVN Client makes easier the document and code sharing between content authors or developers. This multiplatform Subversion front-end allows you to browse repositories, check for changes, commit changes, update your working copy and examiner the revision history. The Syncro SVN Client was initially developed as an embedded application in the XML Editor and starting with version 8.1 of the editor it is available also as a separate product.

Features
• Why Subversion?
– The advantages of the SVN version control system that recommend it as a replacement for the CVS system.
• Flexible Layout of the User Interface
– The layout of the user interface can be arranged by dragging dockable and floating views in the window and outside the window of the application.
• SVN Repository
– Special view for managing SVN repositories accessed through different protocols: SVN, SVN+SSH, HTTP(S).
• SVN Resource History
– The History view contains the revision number, author name, commit message and date of each revision of a file or folder from the SVN repository.
• Local Working Copy of a SVN Repository
– Each author that shares the SVN repository with other authors works on local versions of the repository resources called a working copy of the repository. The changes applied to the local copy of the repository must be synchronized with the repository hosted on the SVN server.
• Author Information at Line Level
– For each line of a file stored on a SVN server the author (user name) and the revision number of the last change applied to that line is displayed.
• Check Differences Between Local Version and Repository Version
– Compare the local working copy version of a file with the SVN repository version.
• Visual Conflict Editing
– Visually edit the conflicts generated in the local version of a file by an update operation.
• Revision Graph
– The history of a SVN resource can be viewed as a graph in which a node represents one revision of the resource committed to the trunk or a branch of the SVN repository.
• Directory Change Set
– The Directory Change Set view presents a set with all the resources changed between two revision numbers of a SVN folder.
• Integration with Bug Tracking Tools
– The commit message can include a bug ID which links the committed revision with a bug tracking tool. Special SVN properties configure the format and location of the bug ID in the commit message.

Home Page – http://www.syncrosvnclient.com/

The post Syncro SVN Client v5.1 for Windows, Linux & MacOSX – Features appeared first on scmGalaxy.

Bamboo is available in two ‘distributions’ — Standalone or EAR-WAR. The Standalone distribution is recommended (even for organisations with an existing application server environment).
Standalone Installation Guide — Windows

Download and Install Bamboo Standalone for Windows (Windows Installer)

·  Download Bamboo Standalone for Windows. Bamboo Standalone for Windows is available for download from the Bamboo Download Center. Choose the Windows Installer (.exe) download.
·  Launch the Bamboo Windows installer (atlassian-bamboo-x.x-standalone.exe) to begin the installation wizard.
·  The installer requires you to specify two directories:
Bamboo installation directory — This is the directory where Bamboo’s application files will be installed. The default is:
C:/Program Files/Bamboo
Bamboo home directory — This is the directory where Bamboo will store its configuration data. If the directory you specify doesn’t exist, Bamboo will create the directory when it launches. The default is:
C:/Documents and Settings//Bamboo-home
Note: You must use forward-slashes in your directory path. Backslashes are not recognised by Bamboo. Please ensure that the Bamboo home directory is not located inside the Bamboo installation directory

Download and Install Bamboo Standalone for Windows (ZIP Archive)

·  Download Bamboo Standalone for Windows. Bamboo Standalone for Windows is available for download from the Bamboo Download Center. Choose the ZIP Archive (.zip) download (click the ‘Show all‘ link to show the ‘ZIP Archive‘ download link).
·  Extract the files from the ZIP Archive (atlassian-bamboo-x.x-standalone.zip) to a Bamboo installation directory of your choice. By default, the root directory in your zip file is named “Bamboo”.
·  Set up your Bamboo home directory — this is the directory where Bamboo will store its root configuration data. To do this, edit the file named bamboo-init.properties in the Bamboo/webapp/WEB-INF/classes directory. In this file, insert the property “bamboo.home”, with an absolute path to your Bamboo home directory. Your file should look something like this:

    bamboo.home=C:/test/bamboo-home

Alternatively, you can specify an environment variable ‘BAMBOO_HOME’ which specifies the absolute path to your {BAMBOO_HOME} directory. Bamboo will check if an environment variable is defined.
·  If you are going to use Bamboo remote agents, set the following in the bamboo-init.properties file in the /webapp/WEB-INF/classes directory:
bamboo.jms.broker.uri=tcp://localhost:54663

• Replace ‘localhost’ with the real host name or IP address of your Bamboo server.
• If port number 54663 is already in use, specify a different port number.

Launch Bamboo

Launch via the Start Menu
If you have used the ‘Windows Installer’ to install Bamboo, you can start Bamboo via the Start Menu in Windows (generally under the ‘Bamboo’ folder by default). The following options will be available in your Start Menu:

• ‘Bamboo Continuous Integration Server Uninstaller‘ — uninstalls Bamboo from your computer
• ‘Install Service‘ — installs Bamboo as a Windows service (note, this will not start Bamboo)
• ‘Remove Service‘ — removes the Bamboo Windows service, if you have previously installed it (note, Bamboo will not be uninstalled from your computer)
• ‘Start in Console‘ — starts Bamboo in a Windows console
• ‘Start Service‘ — starts your installed Bamboo Windows service
• ‘Stop Service‘ — stops your installed Bamboo Windows service

You can run Bamboo in two modes, either in a Windows console or as a Windows service:

• To run Bamboo in a Windows console, click the ‘Start in Console‘ option.
• To run Bamboo as a Windows service, click the ‘Install service‘ option. After the service is installed, click ‘Start Service‘. Once you have installed Bamboo as a service, Bamboo will start up automatically every time Windows restarts.

Launch via batch file
You can start Bamboo via the batch files that are shipped with Bamboo. If you have installed Bamboo via the ZIP Archive, you will need to use the batch files to start Bamboo. You can find the following batch files in your installation directory:

• ‘BambooConsole.bat‘ — this starts Bamboo in a Windows console.
• ‘InstallAsService.bat‘ — this installs Bamboo as a Windows service. Note that this will not start Bamboo.
• ‘StartBamboo.bat‘ — this starts your installed Bamboo Windows service.
• ‘StopBamboo.bat‘ — this stops your installed Bamboo Windows service
• ‘UninstallService.bat‘ — this un-installs the Bamboo Windows service from your machine. Note that your Bamboo installation still remains.

You can run Bamboo in two modes, either in a Windows console or as a Windows service:

• To run Bamboo in a Windows console, run ‘BambooConsole.bat‘
• To run Bamboo as a Windows service, run ‘InstallAsService.bat‘. After the service is installed, run ‘StartBamboo.bat‘. Once you have installed Bamboo as a service, Bamboo will start up automatically every time Windows restarts.

Configure Bamboo

1. Access your running Bamboo instance by going to your web browser and entering the address: http://localhost:8085/.
2. Configure Bamboo via the Setup Wizard which will display. Read Running the Setup Wizard for further instructions.

For more details on Installation and Configuration, please review following links
http://confluence.atlassian.com/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=55246864

• Bamboo Installation Guide
  • Bamboo EAR-WAR Installation Guide
  • Bamboo Remote Agent Installation Guide
  • Bamboo Standalone Installation Guide (Linux)
  • Bamboo Standalone Installation Guide (Mac)
  • Bamboo Standalone Installation Guide (Windows)
  • Connecting Bamboo to an external database
  • Running the Setup Wizard

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