{"id":434,"date":"2015-09-24T14:57:08","date_gmt":"2015-09-24T14:57:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.scmgalaxy.com\/tutorials\/2015\/09\/24\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\/"},"modified":"2021-02-27T09:50:34","modified_gmt":"2021-02-27T09:50:34","slug":"implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scmgalaxy.com\/tutorials\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Implement Chef roles using Chef server ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\"<\/p>\n

What is Role?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A role is a way to define certain patterns and processes that exist across nodes in an organization as belonging to a single job function. Each role consists of zero (or more) attributes and a run-list. Each node can have zero (or more) roles assigned to it. When a role is run against a node, the configuration details of that node are compared against the attributes of the role, and then the contents of that role\u2019s run-list are applied to the node\u2019s configuration details. When a chef-client runs, it merges its own attributes and run-lists with those contained within each assigned role.<\/p>\n

How to use Roles in Chef?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Create a Role and add the cookbooks into it.<\/li>\n
  2. Assign the role into each node or bootstrap new nodes using roles<\/li>\n
  3. The the run list<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    How to create Role?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Method 1: In Chef Server directly<\/strong><\/p>\n

    > knife role create client1<\/code><\/pre>\n
    &<\/p>\n
    Add the run list e.g. “recipe[nginx]” under “run_list”<\/p>\n
    Save & exit<\/p>\n
    The role will be created in Chef Server.<\/p>\n
    Example<\/p>\n
    { \"name\": \"client1\", \"description\": \"\", \"json_class\": \"Chef::Role\", \"default_attributes\": { }, \"override_attributes\": { }, \"chef_type\": \"role\", \"run_list\": [ \"recipe[nginx]\", \"recipe[phpapp::web]\" ], \"env_run_lists\": { } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
    Let’s download the role from the Chef server so we have it locally in a Chef repository.<\/strong><\/p>\n
    > knife role show client1 -d -Fjson > roles\/client1.json<\/p>\n
    Now, Lets bootstrap the node using knife with roles<\/strong><\/p>\n
    > knife bootstrap --run-list \"role[client1]\" --sudo hostname<\/pre>\n
    How to edit the roles in chef Server?<\/strong><\/p>\n
    > knife role edit client1<\/pre>\n
    Method 2: In local repo under chef-repo folder<\/strong><\/p>\n
    > vi webserver.rb<\/code><\/pre>\n
    example –<\/p>\n
    name \"web_server\" description \"Role for web servers\" run_list(   \"role[base]\",   \"recipe{web_server]\" ) <\/code><\/pre>\n
    & Then upload to chef server using following commands.<\/p>\n
    > knife role from file path\/to\/role\/file<\/pre>\n
    How Assigning Roles to Nodes?<\/strong><\/p>\n
    > knife node list<\/code><\/pre>\n
    > knife node edit node_name<\/code><\/pre>\n
    This will bring up the node’s definition file, which will allow us to add a role to its run_list:<\/p>\n
    { \"name\": \"client1\", \"chef_environment\": \"_default\", \"normal\": { \"tags\": [  ] \t}, \"run_list\": [ \t\"recipe[nginx]\" ] } <\/code><\/pre>\n
    For instance, we can replace our recipe with our role in this file:<\/p>\n
    { \"name\": \"client1\", \"chef_environment\": \"_default\", \"normal\": { \"tags\": [ ] }, \"run_list\": [ \"role[web_server]\" ] } <\/code><\/pre>\n
    How to bootstrap node using role?<\/strong><\/p>\n
    > knife bootstrap {{address}} --ssh-user {{user}} --ssh-password '{{password}}' --sudo --use-sudo-password --node-name node1 --run-list 'role[production]'<\/code><\/pre>\n
    > knife bootstrap --run-list \"role[phpapp-web]\" --sudo hostname<\/code><\/pre>\n
    How to run roles against nodes?<\/strong><\/p>\n
    You can run chef-client on multiple nodes via knife ssh command like, To query for all nodes that have the webserver role and then use SSH to run the command sudo chef-client, enter:<\/p>\n
    > knife ssh \"role:webserver\" \"sudo chef-client\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
    To find the uptime of all of web servers running Ubuntu on the Amazon EC2 platform, enter:<\/p>\n
    > knife ssh \"role:web\" \"uptime\" -x ubuntu -a ec2.public_hostname<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Reference<\/strong><\/p>\n
    http:\/\/docs.chef.io\/roles.html<\/a><\/p>\n
    https:\/\/docs.chef.io\/knife_ssh.html<\/a><\/p>\n
    https:\/\/docs.chef.io\/knife_role.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    What is Role? A role is a way to define certain patterns and processes that exist across nodes in an […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3345,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[407,604,1468,1469,1472,1471,1122,545,1473,1467,593,1470,732,104],"class_list":["post-434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chef","tag-chef","tag-chef-guide","tag-chef-roles","tag-chef-server","tag-chef-tutorial","tag-create-role-in-chef","tag-guide","tag-how","tag-how-to-implement-chef-roles","tag-implement","tag-process","tag-roles-in-chef","tag-steps","tag-tutorials"],"yoast_head":"\nHow to Implement Chef roles using Chef server ? - scmGalaxy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scmgalaxy.com\/tutorials\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Implement Chef roles using Chef server ? - scmGalaxy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is Role? A role is a way to define certain patterns and processes that exist across nodes in an […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.scmgalaxy.com\/tutorials\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"scmGalaxy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-09-24T14:57:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-02-27T09:50:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.scmgalaxy.com\/tutorials\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/chef-roles-using-chef-serve.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"scmgalaxy K\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"scmgalaxy K\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scmgalaxy.com\\\/tutorials\\\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scmgalaxy.com\\\/tutorials\\\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"scmgalaxy K\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scmgalaxy.com\\\/tutorials\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/fc12ad190f540e79460243c81148d102\"},\"headline\":\"How to Implement Chef roles using Chef server ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-09-24T14:57:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-02-27T09:50:34+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scmgalaxy.com\\\/tutorials\\\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":365,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scmgalaxy.com\\\/tutorials\\\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scmgalaxy.com\\\/tutorials\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/09\\\/chef-roles-using-chef-serve.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Chef\",\"Chef Guide\",\"Chef roles\",\"Chef server\",\"Chef Tutorial\",\"create Role in Chef\",\"Guide\",\"How\",\"How to Implement Chef roles\",\"Implement\",\"Process\",\"Roles in Chef\",\"Steps\",\"Tutorials\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Chef\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scmgalaxy.com\\\/tutorials\\\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scmgalaxy.com\\\/tutorials\\\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scmgalaxy.com\\\/tutorials\\\/implement-chef-roles-using-chef-server\\\/\",\"name\":\"How to Implement Chef roles using Chef server ? 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