1. What is Git?

A. A text editor
B. A version control system
C. A programming language
D. A database management system

Answer: B

2. What is Github?

A. A software development company
B. A version control system hosting service
C. A project management tool
D. A code editor

Answer: B

3. What is a repository in Git?

A. A directory that contains your project files
B. A server where you store your Git files
C. A way to organize your Git files
D. A backup of your Git files

Answer: A

4. What is a pull request?

A. A way to merge changes from one branch to another
B. A way to submit changes to a project
C. A way to revert changes in a commit
D. A way to delete a branch

Answer: B

5. What is a branch in Git?

A. A separate copy of a project
B. A way to organize your files
C. A line of development that can be merged into another branch
D. A backup of your project files

Answer: C

6. What is a commit in Git?

A. A change made to your project
B. A way to save your project files
C. A way to update your project files
D. A way to delete your project files

Answer: A

7. What is a merge in Git?

A. A way to combine changes from one branch to another
B. A way to create a new branch
C. A way to delete a branch
D. A way to revert changes in a commit

Answer: A

8. What is a fork in Github?

A. A copy of a repository that someone else owns
B. A way to create a new repository
C. A way to merge changes from one repository to another
D. A way to revert changes in a commit

Answer: A

9. What is a tag in Git?

A. A way to mark a specific point in your project’s history
B. A way to delete a branch
C. A way to merge changes from one branch to another
D. A way to revert changes in a commit

Answer: A

10. What is the purpose of .gitignore file?

A. To include files that should be tracked by Git
B. To exclude files that should not be tracked by Git
C. To backup project files
D. To create a new branch

Answer: B

11. What is Github Actions?

A. A way to automate tasks and workflows in your Github repository
B. A way to manage your code reviews
C. A project management tool
D. A text editor

Answer: A

12. What is the purpose of README.md file?

A. To exclude files that should not be tracked by Git
B. To provide information about your project
C. To backup project files
D. To create a new branch

Answer: B

13. How do you create a new branch in Git?

A. git add
B. git branch
C. git commit
D. git merge

Answer: B

14. How do you merge a branch in Git?

A. git add
B. git branch
C. git commit
D. git merge

Answer: D

15. How do you push changes to Github?

A. git add
B. git branch
C. git commit
D. git push

Answer: D

16. What is the difference between Git and Github?

A. Git is a version control system, while Github is a hosting service for Git repositories
B. Git is a text editor, while Github is a project management tool
C. Git is a programming language, while Github is a software development company
D. Git is a database management system, while Github is a version control system

Answer: A

17. What is a rebase in Git?

A. A way to combine changes from one branch to another
B. A way to delete a branch
C. A way to create a new branch
D. A way to change the base of a branch

Answer: D

18. How do you create a new repository in Github?

A. Click on the “New Repository” button
B. Click on the “Fork” button
C. Click on the “Create Branch” button
D. Click on the “Commit” button

Answer: A

19. How do you clone a repository in Git?

A. git push
B. git pull
C. git clone
D. git commit

Answer: C

20. What is the purpose of a Github webhook?

A. To allow Github to communicate with external services
B. To manage your code reviews
C. To backup project files
D. To create a new repository

Answer: A

21. What is a submodule in Git?

A. A separate copy of a project
B. A way to organize your files
C. A way to include one Git repository in another
D. A way to delete a branch

Answer: C

22. What is Github Pages?

A. A way to host your website for free using Github
B. A way to manage your code reviews
C. A project management tool
D. A text editor

Answer: A

23. What is the purpose of stash in Git?

A. To save changes that are not ready to be committed
B. To delete a branch
C. To revert changes in a commit
D. To merge changes from one branch to another

Answer: A

24. How do you create a tag in Git?

A. git add
B. git commit
C. git tag
D. git push

Answer: C

25. What is a PR review in Github?

A. A way to submit changes to a project
B. A way to merge changes from one branch to another
C. A way to review and comment on a pull request
D. A way to backup project files

Answer: C

26. What is a code review in Github?

A. A way to manage your code contributions
B. A way to revert changes in a commit
C. A way to backup project files
D. A way to review and improve your code

Answer: D

27. What is the purpose of a Github issue?

A. To manage your code reviews
B. To backup project files
C. To track and discuss problems, tasks, and ideas related to your project
D. To submit changes to a project

Answer: C

28. What is a branch protection rule in Github?

A. A way to organize your files
B. A way to prevent certain changes from being made to a branch
C. A way to create a new repository
D. A way to manage your code reviews

Answer: B

29. How do you revert a commit in Git?

A. git add
B. git revert
C. git commit
D. git merge

Answer: B

30. What is a Github Gist?

A. A way to include one Git repository in another
B. A way to backup project files
C. A way to share snippets of code
D. A way to manage your code reviews

Answer: C

31. What is a Github Enterprise?

A. A way to create a new repository
B. A project management tool
C. A version control system hosting service for enterprise companies
D. A text editor

Answer: C

32. What is a Github Marketplace?

A. A project management tool
B. A way to browse and purchase developer tools and services
C. A text editor
D. A way to create a new repository

Answer: B

33. What is a Github organization?

A. A way to manage your code reviews
B. A way to group users and repositories on Github
C. A way to backup project files
D. A way to create a new repository

Answer: B

34. How do you create a Github organization?

A. Click on the “New Organization” button
B. Click on the “New Repository” button
C. Click on the “Fork” button
D. Click on the “Commit” button

Answer: A

35. What is the purpose of a Github team?

A. To group users and repositories on Github
B. To manage your code reviews
C. To backup project files
D. To browse and purchase developer tools and services

Answer: A

36. What is a Github project?

A. A way to browse and purchase developer tools and services
B. A way to organize your code and issues into a visual board
C. A text editor
D. A version control system hosting service

Answer: B

37. How do you create a Github project?

A. Click on the “New Project” button
B. Click on the “New Repository” button
C. Click on the “Fork” button
D. Click on the “Commit” button

Answer: A

38. What is the purpose of a Github bot?

A. To automate tasks and workflows within your Github repository
B. To manage your code reviews
C. To backup project files
D. To browse and purchase developer tools and services

Answer: A

39. What is a Github secret?

A. A way to manage your code reviews
B. A way to backup project files
C. A way to store sensitive data that can be used in workflows
D. A way to create a new repository

Answer: C

40. How do you create a Github action?

A. Click on the “New Action” button
B. Click on the “New Repository” button
C. Click on the “Fork” button
D. Click on the “Commit” button

Answer: A

41. What is the purpose of a Github webhook payload?

A. To send information about events that occur within your Github repository to external services
B. To manage your code reviews
C. To backup project files
D. To create a new repository

Answer: A

42. How do you create a Github template?

A. Create a new file with the extension .template
B. Click on the “New Template” button
C. Create a new file with the extension .md
D. Click on the “New Repository” button

Answer: C

43. What is a Github query?

A. A way to search for specific issues, pull requests, or repositories
B. A way to manage your code reviews
C. A way to backup project files
D. A way to create a new repository

Answer: A

44. What is a Github gist comment?

A. A way to comment on a Github Gist
B. A way to manage your code reviews
C. A way to backup project files
D. A way to create a new repository

Answer: A

45. What is a Github label?

A. A way to group issues or pull requests together based on a certain criteria
B. A way to manage your code reviews
C. A way to backup project files
D. A way to create a new repository

Answer: A

46. What is a Github milestone?

A. A way to group issues or pull requests together based on a certain criteria
B. A way to manage your code reviews
C. A way to backup project files
D. A way to create a new repository

Answer: A

47. What is a Github wiki?

A. A way to create a knowledge base for your project
B. A way to manage your code reviews
C. A way to backup project files
D. A way to create a new repository

Answer: A

48. How do you contribute to a Github project?

A. Fork the repository, make changes, and submit a pull request
B. Click on the “New Repository” button
C. Click on the “Commit” button
D. Click on the “Fork” button

Answer: A

49. What is a Github review request?

A. A way to request a code review from a specific person or team
B. A way to backup project files
C. A way to create a new repository
D. A way to manage your code reviews

Answer: A

50. What is a Github issue template?

A. A template that can be used when creating a new issue
B. A way to manage your code reviews
C. A way to backup project files
D. A way to create a new repository

Answer: A

1. What is Apache Hive?
   A. A data warehouse infrastructure for querying and analyzing large datasets stored in Hadoop
   B. A file system used to store data in Hadoop
   C. An SQL database used to store data in Hadoop
   D. A machine learning tool used to analyze data in Hadoop

Answer: A

2. What is the Hive Metastore?
   A. A relational database that stores metadata for Hive tables
   B. A file system used to store data in Hive
   C. A distributed cache used to store Hive queries
   D. A tool used to manage Hive data warehouses

Answer: A

3. What is HiveQL?
   A. The SQL-like language used to query data in Hive
   B. The programming language used to develop Hive applications
   C. The tool used to manage Hive data warehouses
   D. The machine learning tool used to analyze data in Hive

Answer: A

4. What is a Hive partition?
   A. A way to divide a table into several smaller, more manageable parts based on a specific column value
   B. A way to duplicate a table within Hive
   C. A way to synchronize data between two Hive tables
   D. A container for storing data in Hadoop

Answer: A

5. What is a Hive bucket?
   A. A way to group and store data in Hadoop based on a specific column value
   B. A way to duplicate a table within Hive
   C. A way to synchronize data between two Hive tables
   D. A container for storing data in Hive

Answer: A

6. What is the difference between a Hive internal table and an external table?
   A. An internal table is managed by Hive, while an external table is managed by an external tool
   B. An internal table is stored in a Hive database, while an external table is stored outside of Hive
   C. An internal table cannot be modified by external tools, while an external table can be modified by external tools
   D. An internal table is always in memory, while an external table is always on disk

Answer: B

7. What is a Hive UDF?
   A. A user-defined function that can be used in HiveQL queries
   B. A tool used to manage Hive data warehouses
   C. A distributed cache used to store Hive queries
   D. An SQL-like language used to query data in Hive

Answer: A

8. What is the difference between a Hive UDF and a Hive UDAF?
   A. A Hive UDF is used to manipulate individual rows, while a Hive UDAF is used to manipulate groups of rows
   B. A Hive UDF is used to implement user-defined functions, while a Hive UDAF is used to implement user-defined aggregations
   C. A Hive UDF is used to execute queries on a Hive database, while a Hive UDAF is used to manage Hive data warehouses
   D. A Hive UDF is used to optimize Hive queries, while a Hive UDAF is used to optimize Hadoop clusters

Answer: B

9. What is a Hive custom serializer?
   A. A way to serialize and deserialize non-structured data in Hive
   B. A way to serialize and deserialize structured data in Hive
   C. A way to optimize queries in Hive
   D. A way to manage data in Hive data warehouses

Answer: A

10. What is Hive on Spark?
    A. An execution engine that allows Hive queries to run on Spark
    B. A tool used to manage data in Hive data warehouses
    C. A way to serialize and deserialize structured data in Hive
    D. A way to optimize queries in Hive

Answer: A

11. What is the Hive LLAP architecture?
    A. A low-latency execution engine that allows Hive queries to run faster
    B. A distributed cache used to store Hive queries
    C. A tool used to manage Hive data warehouses
    D. A machine learning tool used to analyze data in Hive

Answer: A

12. What is Hive join optimization?
    A. A way to optimize joins in Hive to improve query performance
    B. A way to manage Hive data warehouses
    C. A way to serialize and deserialize structured data in Hive
    D. A tool used to execute queries on a Hive database

Answer: A

13. What is the purpose of the Hive transaction manager?
    A. To manage transactions in Hive
    B. To manage Hive data warehouses
    C. To manage HiveQL queries
    D. To manage Hadoop clusters

Answer: A

14. What is Hive authorization?
    A. A way to control access to Hive tables and databases
    B. A tool used to manage Hive data warehouses
    C. A way to optimize queries in Hive
    D. A distributed cache used to store Hive queries

Answer: A

15. What is a Hive metastore URI?
    A. The location of the Hive metastore database
    B. The location of the Hive query cache
    C. The location of the Hive data warehouse
    D. The location of the Hive UDF library

Answer: A

16. What is the difference between a Hive view and a Hive table?
    A. A Hive view is a virtual table, while a Hive table is a physical table
    B. A Hive view can be modified using SQL, while a Hive table cannot be modified using SQL
    C. A Hive view is stored in a Hive database, while a Hive table is stored in a Hadoop cluster
    D. A Hive view is a temporary table, while a Hive table is a permanent table

Answer: A

17. What is partitioning in Hive?
    A. A way to divide a table into smaller parts based on a specific column value
    B. A way to store data in Hive
    C. A way to manage Hive data warehouses
    D. A way to execute queries on a Hive database

Answer: A

18. What is the difference between a Hive bucket and a Hive partition?
    A. A Hive bucket groups data based on a specific column value, while a Hive partition divides a table into smaller parts based on a specific column value
    B. A Hive bucket and a Hive partition are the same thing
    C. A Hive bucket and a Hive partition are both ways to store data in Hive
    D. A Hive bucket and a Hive partition are both ways to manage Hive data warehouses

Answer: A

19. What is the difference between a Hive table and an HBase table?
    A. A Hive table is a relational table, while an HBase table is a NoSQL table
    B. A Hive table is stored in a Hadoop cluster, while an HBase table is stored in an HBase database
    C. A Hive table can be accessed using SQL, while an HBase table can be accessed using HBase API
    D. All of the above

Answer: D

20. What is the purpose of the Hive Thrift server?
    A. To enable remote JDBC/ODBC connections to Hive
    B. To execute queries on a Hive database
    C. To optimize queries in Hive
    D. To manage Hive data warehouses

Answer: A

21. What is a Hive accumulator?
    A. A way to aggregate data in Hive
    B. A way to store data in Hive
    C. A tool used to manage Hive data warehouses
    D. A distributed cache used to store Hive queries

Answer: A

22. What is the difference between a Hive subquery and a Hive join?
    A. A Hive subquery is a SQL query embedded within another query, while a Hive join combines rows from two or more tables
    B. A Hive subquery and a Hive join are the same thing
    C. A Hive subquery is used to optimize queries, while a Hive join is used to manage data in Hive data warehouses
    D. A Hive subquery is used to manage data in Hive data warehouses, while a Hive join is used to execute queries on a Hive database

Answer: A

23. What is a Hive expression?
    A. A mathematical operation used in HiveQL queries
    B. A way to extract data from Hive tables
    C. A way to optimize queries in Hive
    D. A tool used to manage data in Hive data warehouses

Answer: A

24. What is the Hive control command to drop a table?
    A. DROP TABLE
    B. REMOVE TABLE
    C. DELETE TABLE
    D. ERASE TABLE

Answer: A

25. What is the Hive control command to create a database?
    A. CREATE DATABASE
    B. ADD DATABASE
    C. MAKE DATABASE
    D. GENERATE DATABASE

Answer: A

26. What is the Hive control command to list all databases?
    A. SHOW DATABASES;
    B. LIST DATABASES;
    C. SELECT DATABASES;
    D. DISPLAY DATABASES;

Answer: A

27. What is the Hive control command to list all tables in a specific database?
    A. SHOW TABLES FROM table_name;
    B. LIST TABLES FROM database_name;
    C. SELECT TABLES FROM database_name;
    D. DISPLAY TABLES FROM database_name;

Answer: A

28. What is the Hive control command to create a view?
    A. CREATE VIEW
    B. ADD VIEW
    C. MAKE VIEW
    D. GENERATE VIEW

Answer: A

29. What is the Hive control command to import data into a Hive table?
    A. LOAD DATA INPATH ” INTO TABLE table_name;
    B. IMPORT DATA FROM ” TO TABLE table_name;
    C. INSERT DATA INTO TABLE table_name FROM ”;
    D. ADD DATA TO TABLE table_name FROM ”;

Answer: A

30. What is the Hive control command to export data from a Hive table?
    A. INSERT OVERWRITE LOCAL DIRECTORY ” SELECT * FROM table_name;
    B. EXPORT DATA TO ” FROM TABLE table_name;
    C. EXPORT TABLE table_name TO ”;
    D. COPY DATA FROM TABLE table_name TO ”;

Answer: A

31. What is the Hive control command to add a new column to a table?
    A. ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMNS(column_name data_type);
    B. ADD COLUMN column_name data_type TO TABLE table_name;
    C. INSERT COLUMN column_name data_type IN TABLE table_name;
    D. APPEND COLUMN column_name data_type TO TABLE table_name;

Answer: A

32. What is the Hive control command to rename a table?
    A. ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;
    B. RENAME TABLE table_name TO new_table_name;
    C. CHANGE TABLE table_name TO new_table_name;
    D. MODIFY TABLE table_name NAME TO new_table_name;

Answer: A

33. What is the Hive control command to enable Bucketing for a table?
    A. CLUSTERED BY(column_name) INTO num_buckets BUCKETS;
    B. ENABLE BUCKETING table_name BY(column_name) INTO num_buckets BUCKETS;
    C. CREATE BUCKETED TABLE table_name(column_name data_type) CLUSTERED BY(column_name) INTO num_buckets BUCKETS;
    D. SET BUCKETING ON table_name(column_name) num_buckets;

Answer: C

34. What is the Hive control command to enable Sorting for a table?
    A. SORT BY(column_name);
    B. ENABLE SORTING table_name BY(column_name);
    C. CREATE SORTED TABLE table_name(column_name data_type) SORT BY(column_name);
    D. SET SORTING ON table_name(column_name);

Answer: C

35. What is the Hive control command to list all partitions for a table?
    A. SHOW PARTITIONS table_name;
    B. LIST PARTITIONS FOR table_name;
    C. SELECT PARTITIONS FROM table_name;
    D. DISPLAY PARTITIONS table_name;

Answer: A

36. What is the Hive control command to show the schema for a table?
    A. DESC table_name;
    B. SHOW SCHEMA FOR table_name;
    C. LIST SCHEMA table_name;
    D. SELECT SCHEMA FROM table_name;

Answer: A

37. What is the Hive control command to analyze a table?
    A. ANALYZE TABLE table_name COMPUTE STATISTICS;
    B. ANALYZE COMPUTE STATISTICS FOR table_name;
    C. COMPUTE STATISTICS FOR table_name;
    D. COMPUTE TABLE STATISTICS table_name;

Answer: A

38. What is the Hive control command to change the file format of a table?
    A. ALTER TABLE table_name SET FILEFORMAT input_format output_format;
    B. CHANGE FILE FORMAT OF table_name TO input_format output_format;
    C. SET FILE FORMAT OF table_name input_format output_format;
    D. MODIFY THE FILE FORMAT OF table_name TO input_format output_format;

Answer: A

39. What is the Hive control command to specify the delimiter in a CSV file?
    A. ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘,’ LINES TERMINATED BY ‘\n’;
    B. LOAD DATA INPATH ” INTO TABLE table_name DELIMITED BY ‘,’;
    C. CREATE TABLE table_name(column_name1 data_type1, column_name2 data_type2) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘,’ LINES TERMINATED BY ‘\n’;
    D. SELECT * FROM table_name DELIMITED BY ‘,’;

Answer: A

40. What is the Hive control command to specify the character encoding of a file?
    A. ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘,’ LINES TERMINATED BY ‘\n’ STORED AS TEXTFILE CHARSET utf8;
    B. LOAD DATA INPATH ” INTO TABLE table_name CHARSET utf8;
    C. CREATE TABLE table_name(column_name1 data_type1, column_name2 data_type2) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘,’ LINES TERMINATED BY ‘\n’;
    D. SELECT * FROM table_name CHARSET utf8;

Answer: A

41. What is the difference between an inner join and an outer join in Hive?
    A. An inner join returns only the matching rows from both tables, while an outer join returns all rows from both tables, with non-matching rows filled with NULL values
    B. An outer join returns only the matching rows from both tables, while an inner join returns all rows from both tables, with non-matching rows filled with NULL values
    C. An inner join combines rows from two or more tables, while an outer join combines only matching rows from two or more tables
    D. An outer join combines rows from two or more tables, while an inner join combines only matching rows from two or more tables

Answer: A

42. What is the difference between a left join and a right join in Hive?
    A. A left join includes all rows from the left table, with matching rows from the right table, while a right join includes all rows from the right table, with matching rows from the left table
    B. A left join includes only matching rows from both tables, while a right join includes all rows from both tables, with non-matching rows filled with NULL values
    C. A left join includes only matching rows from both tables, while a right join includes all rows from both tables, with non-matching rows filled with NULL values
    D. A left join includes all rows from both tables, with non-matching rows filled with NULL values, while a right join includes only matching rows from both tables

Answer: A

43. What is the difference between a full outer join and a cross join in Hive?
    A. A full outer join includes all rows from both tables, with non-matching rows filled with NULL values, while a cross join combines the Cartesian product of both tables
    B. A full outer join combines only matching rows from both tables, while a cross join includes all rows from both tables, with non-matching rows filled with NULL values
    C. A full outer join combines only matching rows from both tables, while a cross join combines the Cartesian product of both tables
    D. A full outer join includes all rows from both tables, with matching rows included only once, while a cross join includes all rows from both tables, with all possible combinations included

Answer: A

44. What is the difference between a map-side join and a reduce-side join in Hive?
    A. A map-side join is faster than a reduce-side join, as it combines data before the map phase, while a reduce-side join combines data after the map phase
    B. A map-side join combines data before the map phase, while a reduce-side join combines data after the reduce phase
    C. A map-side join combines data before the reduce phase, while a reduce-side join combines data after the reduce phase
    D. A map-side join is slower than a reduce-side join, as it combines data after the reduce phase, while a reduce-side join combines data after the map phase

Answer: A

45. What is an index in Hive?
    A. A way to optimize queries by creating a small table of precomputed values
    B. A way to sort data within a Hive table
    C. A way to divide a table into smaller parts based on a specific column value
    D. A way to group data based on a specific column value

Answer: A

46. What is a Hive database?
    A. A container for storing related tables in Hive
    B. A way to store data in Hive
    C. A tool used to execute queries on a Hive database
    D. All of the above

Answer: A

47. What is the purpose of the Hive CLI?
    A. To execute queries on a Hive database
    B. To manage data in Hive data warehouses
    C. To optimize queries in Hive
    D. To access Hive data through a command-line interface

Answer: D

48. What is the purpose of the Hive performance tuning process?
    A. To optimize Hive queries and improve query performance
    B. To manage data in Hive data warehouses
    C. To optimize Hadoop clusters
    D. To access Hive data through a command-line interface

Answer: A

49. What is the difference between Hive and Impala?
    A. Hive is a data warehousing infrastructure, while Impala is a SQL query engine that runs directly on Hadoop
    B. Hive is a SQL query engine that runs directly on Hadoop, while Impala is a data warehousing infrastructure
    C. Hive is designed for batch processing, while Impala is designed for real-time processing
    D. Hive is an open-source tool, while Impala is a closed-source tool

Answer: A

50. What is the difference between Hive and Pig?
    A. Hive is a SQL-like language used to query data in Hadoop, while Pig is a high-level scripting language used to process data in Hadoop
    B. Hive is a high-level scripting language used to process data in Hadoop, while Pig is a SQL-like language used to query data in Hadoop
    C. Hive is designed for batch processing, while Pig is designed for real-time processing
    D. Hive is an open-source tool, while Pig is a closed-source tool

Answer: A

1. What is Hadoop?

a) A programming language
b) A software framework
c) A database management system
d) A data visualization tool

Answer: b) A software framework

2. Which of the following is not a component of Hadoop?

a) HDFS
b) MapReduce
c) Spark
d) YARN

Answer: c) Spark

3. What is HDFS?

a) Hadoop Distributed File System
b) Hadoop Data Formatting System
c) Hadoop Data Flow System
d) Hadoop Data Filtering System

Answer: a) Hadoop Distributed File System

4. What is MapReduce?

a) A component of Hadoop used for data processing
b) A programming language used for web development
c) A database management system
d) A data visualization tool

Answer: a) A component of Hadoop used for data processing

5. What is the default block size of HDFS?

a) 64 MB
b) 128 MB
c) 256 MB
d) 512 MB

Answer: b) 128 MB

6. Which programming language is used in Hadoop MapReduce?

a) Java
b) Python
c) C++
d) Ruby

Answer: a) Java

7. What is a NameNode in Hadoop?

a) The node that stores the data
b) The node that manages the cluster and stores metadata about HDFS
c) The node that runs the MapReduce jobs
d) The node that handles network traffic

Answer: b) The node that manages the cluster and stores metadata about HDFS

8. Which of the following is responsible for resource management in Hadoop?

a) HDFS
b) MapReduce
c) YARN
d) NodeManager

Answer: c) YARN

9. Which of the following is not a role in Hadoop?

a) NameNode
b) DataNode
c) JobTracker
d) TaskManager

Answer: d) TaskManager

10. Which component in Hadoop is responsible for data processing?

a) NameNode
b) DataNode
c) JobTracker
d) TaskTracker

Answer: d) TaskTracker

11. What is a block in Hadoop?

a) A group of files
b) A unit of data stored in HDFS
c) A node in the cluster
d) A data processing job

Answer: b) A unit of data stored in HDFS

12. Which of the following is not a benefit of Hadoop?

a) Scalability
b) Data security
c) Fault tolerance
d) High availability

Answer: b) Data security

13. What is the maximum number of NameNodes in a Hadoop cluster?

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) Unlimited

Answer: a) 1

14. What is a secondary NameNode in Hadoop?

a) A backup NameNode used in case the primary NameNode fails
b) A node that handles network traffic
c) A node that stores metadata about the cluster
d) A node that manages MapReduce jobs

Answer: a) A backup NameNode used in case the primary NameNode fails

15. Which of the following is used to write MapReduce jobs in Python?

a) PyMapReduce
b) Hadoop Streaming
c) Hadoop Pipes
d) Hadoop Java API

Answer: b) Hadoop Streaming

16. What is the default port for the Hadoop NameNode web UI?

a) 50070
b) 60010
c) 8080
d) 9000

Answer: a) 50070

17. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Big Data?

a) Volume
b) Variety
c) Velocity
d) Value

Answer: d) Value

18. Which of the following is not a Hadoop ecosystem project?

a) Hive
b) HBase
c) Pig
d) Spark

Answer: d) Spark

19. What is ZooKeeper in Hadoop?

a) A component that manages the metadata of HDFS
b) A tool used for building distributed systems
c) A query engine used for data analysis
d) A data storage platform

Answer: b) A tool used for building distributed systems

20. Which of the following is a data warehouse system for Hadoop?

a) Hive
b) Pig
c) HBase
d) ZooKeeper

Answer: a) Hive

21. What is a data node in Hadoop?

a) A node that manages metadata about HDFS
b) A node that manages MapReduce jobs
c) A node that stores data in HDFS
d) A node that handles network traffic

Answer: c) A node that stores data in HDFS

22. Which of the following is not a database management system?

a) MySQL
b) Oracle
c) MongoDB
d) Spark

Answer: d) Spark

23. What is a block replica in Hadoop?

a) A backup copy of a block of data stored in HDFS
b) A processing unit in MapReduce
c) A tool used for data visualization
d) A database management system for Hadoop

Answer: a) A backup copy of a block of data stored in HDFS

24. What is a decommission in Hadoop?

a) The process of adding a new node to the cluster
b) The process of removing a node from the cluster
c) The process of scaling up the cluster
d) The process of scaling down the cluster

Answer: b) The process of removing a node from the cluster

25. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a distributed system?

a) Scalability
b) Fault tolerance
c) Compatibility
d) Reliability

Answer: c) Compatibility

26. What is the default replication factor in Hadoop?

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

Answer: c) 3

27. What is a task in MapReduce?

a) A processing unit that performs a specific operation on the data
b) A processing unit that stores the data
c) A processing unit that manages the metadata of the cluster
d) A processing unit that handles network traffic

Answer: a) A processing unit that performs a specific operation on the data

28. Which of the following is used for data analysis in Hadoop?

a) Pig
b) HBase
c) ZooKeeper
d) YARN

Answer: a) Pig

29. What is HBase in Hadoop?

a) A platform for real-time data processing
b) A query engine for data analysis
c) A data storage system
d) A tool used for building distributed systems

Answer: c) A data storage system

30. What is a reducer in MapReduce?

a) A processing unit that performs a specific operation on the data
b) A processing unit that stores the data
c) A processing unit that manages the metadata of the cluster
d) A processing unit that combines the output from the mappers

Answer: d) A processing unit that combines the output from the mappers

31. Which of the following statements is true about Hadoop Distributed Cache?

a) It is used to store metadata about HDFS
b) It is used to store intermediate data during MapReduce jobs
c) It is used to cache files needed by the MapReduce jobs
d) It is used to compress data stored in HDFS

Answer: c) It is used to cache files needed by the MapReduce jobs

32. What is a combiner in MapReduce?

a) A processing unit that performs a specific operation on the data
b) A processing unit that stores the data
c) A processing unit that manages the metadata of the cluster
d) A processing unit that performs a local reduction on the output from the mappers

Answer: d) A processing unit that performs a local reduction on the output from the mappers

33. Which of the following is a way to optimize MapReduce jobs?

a) Combiners
b) Distributed Cache
c) Replication
d) Decommissioning

Answer: a) Combiners

34. What is a data block scanner in Hadoop?

a) A tool used to scan the metadata of HDFS
b) A tool used to scan the data stored in HDFS for errors
c) A tool used to scan the output from MapReduce jobs
d) A tool used to scan the input to MapReduce jobs

Answer: b) A tool used to scan the data stored in HDFS for errors

35. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)?

a) Scalability
b) Fault tolerance
c) Consistency
d) High availability

Answer: c) Consistency

36. What is an EC2 instance in Hadoop?

a) A type of virtual machine used in Hadoop
b) A database management system for Hadoop
c) A tool used for building distributed systems
d) A programming language used in Hadoop

Answer: a) A type of virtual machine used in Hadoop

37. How does Hadoop ensure fault tolerance?

a) By replicating data across multiple nodes in the cluster
b) By compressing data stored in HDFS
c) By optimizing MapReduce algorithms
d) By using a distributed file system

Answer: a) By replicating data across multiple nodes in the cluster

38. Which of the following is a way to improve the scalability of a Hadoop cluster?

a) Increasing the size of the NameNode
b) Increasing the block size of HDFS
c) Decreasing the replication factor
d) Decreasing the number of nodes in the cluster

Answer: b) Increasing the block size of HDFS

39. What is a slot in Hadoop?

a) A processing unit in MapReduce
b) A node in the cluster
c) A unit of data stored in HDFS
d) A tool used for data visualization

Answer: a) A processing unit in MapReduce

40. Which of the following is not a reason to use Hadoop?

a) Real-time data processing
b) Data storage and retrieval
c) High velocity data processing
d) Querying large datasets

Answer: a) Real-time data processing

41. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Hadoop MapReduce?

a) Scalability
b) Fault tolerance
c) Compatibility
d) High availability

Answer: c) Compatibility

42. What is a queue in YARN?

a) An ordered list of MapReduce jobs
b) A mechanism for resource allocation in YARN
c) A data storage system
d) A tool used for building distributed systems

Answer: b) A mechanism for resource allocation in YARN

43. What is a checkpoint in Hadoop?

a) A backup copy of the metadata in HDFS
b) A processing unit in MapReduce
c) A network traffic analyzer
d) A tool used for data visualization

Answer: a) A backup copy of the metadata in HDFS

44. What is a JobTracker in Hadoop?

a) The node that manages the metadata of HDFS
b) The node that manages MapReduce jobs
c) The node that stores data in HDFS
d) The node that handles network traffic

Answer: b) The node that manages MapReduce jobs

45. Which of the following is not a database management system for Hadoop?

a) Hive
b) HBase
c) Cassandra
d) MapR

Answer: d) MapR

46. What is a TaskTracker in Hadoop?

a) The node that manages the metadata of HDFS
b) The node that manages MapReduce jobs
c) The node that stores data in HDFS
d) The node that handles network traffic

Answer: b) The node that manages MapReduce jobs

47. What is a NameNode in Hadoop?

a) The node that manages the metadata of HDFS
b) The node that manages MapReduce jobs
c) The node that stores data in HDFS
d) The node that handles network traffic

Answer: a) The node that manages the metadata of HDFS

48. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Hadoop YARN?

a) Scalability
b) Fault tolerance
c) Compatibility
d) High availability

Answer: c) Compatibility

49. What is a container in YARN?

a) A mechanism for resource allocation
b) A node in the Hadoop cluster
c) A processing unit in MapReduce
d) A data storage system

Answer: a) A mechanism for resource allocation

50. Which of the following is not a way to optimize MapReduce jobs?

a) Replication
b) Combiners
c) Distributed Cache
d) Partitioning

Answer: a) Replication

1. What is Fluentd?
   a) A logging system
   b) A web server
   c) A programming language
   d) None of the above

Answer: a) A logging system

2. Which programming language is Fluentd written in?
   a) Ruby
   b) Python
   c) Java
   d) C++

Answer: a) Ruby

3. What is the purpose of Fluentd?
   a) To collect, merge, and transfer log data
   b) To create web applications
   c) To manage network devices
   d) None of the above

Answer: a) To collect, merge, and transfer log data

4. Which type of data can Fluentd collect?
   a) Text files
   b) JSON
   c) CSV
   d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

5. What are the three components of Fluentd?
   a) Input, Parser, Output
   b) Parser, Output, Filter
   c) Input, Output, Filter
   d) None of the above

Answer: c) Input, Output, Filter

6. What is a Fluentd plugin?
   a) A pre-built program that performs a specific function
   b) A custom program written by the user
   c) A module that handles Fluentd’s core functions
   d) None of the above

Answer: a) A pre-built program that performs a specific function

7. Which command is used to start Fluentd?
   a) service fluentd start
   b) fluentd start
   c) systemctl start fluentd
   d) None of the above

Answer: c) systemctl start fluentd

8. Which parameter is used to set the listening port for Fluentd?
   a) port
   b) listen
   c) input
   d) None of the above

Answer: b) listen

9. Which parameter is used to set the output destination for Fluentd?
   a) output
   b) destination
   c) store
   d) None of the above

Answer: a) output

10. What is the purpose of the buffer in Fluentd?
    a) To store log data temporarily
    b) To filter log data
    c) To parse log data
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) To store log data temporarily

11. Which plugin is used to read log files?
    a) in_file
    b) file_reader
    c) input_file
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) in_file

12. Which plugin is used to write log files?
    a) out_file
    b) file_writer
    c) output_file
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) out_file

13. Which plugin is used to parse JSON data?
    a) json_parser
    b) json
    c) parse_json
    d) None of the above

Answer: c) parse_json

14. Which plugin is used to parse CSV data?
    a) csv
    b) parse_csv
    c) csv_parser
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) csv

15. What is the purpose of the tag in Fluentd?
    a) To identify the log data
    b) To filter log data
    c) To parse log data
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) To identify the log data

16. Which parameter is used to set the log level for Fluentd?
    a) log_level
    b) level
    c) debug_level
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) level

17. What is the purpose of the filter in Fluentd?
    a) To modify log data
    b) To store log data
    c) To transfer log data
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) To modify log data

18. Which plugin is used to send log data to Elasticsearch?
    a) elasticsearch
    b) es_output
    c) send_to_elk
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) elasticsearch

19. Which plugin is used to send log data to Kafka?
    a) kafka
    b) kafka_output
    c) send_to_kafka
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) kafka

20. Which parameter is used to set the hostname for Fluentd?
    a) hostname
    b) host
    c) input_host
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) host

21. Which plugin is used to read data from a TCP socket?
    a) tcp
    b) socket_input
    c) input_tcp
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) tcp

22. Which plugin is used to write data to a TCP socket?
    a) tcp
    b) socket_output
    c) output_tcp
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) tcp

23. Which plugin is used to collect Docker container logs?
    a) docker
    b) collect_docker
    c) docker_logs
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) docker

24. Which command is used to check the status of Fluentd?
    a) service fluentd status
    b) fluentd status
    c) systemctl status fluentd
    d) None of the above

Answer: c) systemctl status fluentd

25. Which plugin is used to parse Apache access logs?
    a) apache
    b) access_log
    c) parse_apache
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) access_log

26. Which parameter is used to set the HTTP endpoint for Fluentd?
    a) endpoint
    b) http_endpoint
    c) input_http
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) http_endpoint

27. Which plugin is used to send log data to Amazon S3?
    a) s3
    b) aws_s3_output
    c) send_to_s3
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) s3

28. Which plugin is used to parse Syslog messages?
    a) syslog
    b) parse_syslog
    c) rsyslog
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) parse_syslog

29. Which parameter is used to set the syslog protocol in Fluentd?
    a) protocol
    b) syslog_protocol
    c) input_syslog
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) syslog_protocol

30. Which plugin is used to send log data to a remote destination using the secure shell protocol (SSH)?
    a) ssh
    b) secure_shell
    c) ssh_output
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) ssh

31. Which plugin is used to write log data to MongoDB?
    a) mongodb
    b) mongo_output
    c) send_to_mongo
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) mongodb

32. Which parameter is used to set the output format for Fluentd?
    a) output_format
    b) format
    c) log_format
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) format

33. Which plugin is used to monitor Fluentd’s internal status?
    a) monitor_agent
    b) agent
    c) fluentd_status
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) monitor_agent

34. Which plugin is used to parse XML data?
    a) xml
    b) parse_xml
    c) xml_parser
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) xml

35. Which plugin is used to parse Apache error logs?
    a) apache
    b) error_log
    c) parse_apache_error
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) error_log

36. Which parameter is used to set the output format for Elasticsearch in Fluentd?
    a) elasticsearch_format
    b) output_format
    c) format
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) elasticsearch_format

37. Which plugin is used to send log data to Amazon CloudWatch?
    a) cloudwatch
    b) aws_cloudwatch_output
    c) send_to_cloudwatch
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) cloudwatch

38. Which plugin is used to write log data to Hadoop HDFS?
    a) hdfs
    b) hadoop_hdfs_output
    c) send_to_hdfs
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) hdfs

39. Which parameter is used to set the buffer type for Fluentd?
    a) buffer_type
    b) type
    c) buffer
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) type

40. Which plugin is used to read log data from Amazon S3?
    a) s3
    b) aws_s3_input
    c) collect_from_s3
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) aws_s3_input

41. Which plugin is used to send log data to a remote destination using the Fluentd Forward protocol?
    a) forward
    b) fluentd_forward
    c) send_to_forward
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) forward

42. Which plugin is used to send log data to a remote destination using the TCP protocol?
    a) tcp
    b) tcp_output
    c) send_to_tcp
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) tcp

43. Which plugin is used to send log data to a remote destination using the HTTP protocol?
    a) http
    b) http_output
    c) send_to_http
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) http

44. Which parameter is used to set the path for Fluentd’s configuration file?
    a) path
    b) config_path
    c) input_path
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) config_path

45. Which plugin is used to parse Nginx access logs?
    a) nginx
    b) access_log
    c) parse_nginx
    d) None of the above

Answer: c) parse_nginx

46. Which plugin is used to parse Nginx error logs?
    a) nginx
    b) error_log
    c) parse_nginx_error
    d) None of the above

Answer: b) error_log

47. Which parameter is used to set the output format for Kafka in Fluentd?
    a) kafka_format
    b) output_format
    c) format
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) kafka_format

48. Which plugin is used to read log data from a Unix socket?
    a) unix
    b) socket_input
    c) input_unix
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) unix

49. Which plugin is used to write log data to a Unix socket?
    a) unix
    b) socket_output
    c) output_unix
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) unix

50. Which plugin is used to collect log data from Kubernetes?
    a) kubernetes
    b) collect_from_k8s
    c) k8s_logs
    d) None of the above

Answer: a) kubernetes

1. What is Apache Kafka used for?
   A. Streaming data processing
   B. Web server hosting
   C. Database management
   D. None of the above

Answer: A

2. Which of the following is not a core Kafka component?
   A. Producer
   B. Consumer
   C. Transformer
   D. Broker

Answer: C

3. What is a Kafka cluster?
   A. A group of Kafka brokers
   B. A group of Kafka consumers
   C. A group of Kafka producers
   D. A group of Kafka topics

Answer: A

4. How does Kafka store messages?
   A. In-memory
   B. On disk
   C. In a database
   D. Both A and B

Answer: D

5. What is a Kafka topic?
   A. A queue-like data structure
   B. A relational database table
   C. A directory on the file system
   D. None of the above

Answer: A

6. What is a Kafka partition?
   A. A segment of a topic’s data
   B. A subset of a Kafka broker
   C. A grouping of Kafka producers
   D. None of the above

Answer: A

7. What is a Kafka offset?
   A. A unique identifier for a Kafka message
   B. A method of encrypting Kafka messages
   C. A way of compressing Kafka messages
   D. None of the above

Answer: A

8. Which of the following is true about Kafka consumers?
   A. They can read messages from multiple partitions concurrently
   B. They can only read messages from a single partition at a time
   C. They can read messages from multiple topics concurrently
   D. None of the above

Answer: A

9. How are Kafka messages handled when a consumer processes them?
   A. Messages are deleted from the topic
   B. Messages are moved to a separate “consumed” topic
   C. Messages are marked as consumed but remain in the topic
   D. None of the above

Answer: C

10. What is a Kafka stream?
    A. A continuous stream of Kafka messages
    B. A type of Kafka consumer
    C. A type of Kafka producer
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

11. Which of the following is not a benefit of using Kafka?
    A. High scalability
    B. Fault tolerance
    C. Low latency
    D. Strong consistency

Answer: D

12. What is Kafka Connect?
    A. An API for building Kafka consumers and producers
    B. A tool for migrating data to Kafka
    C. A framework for implementing Kafka connectors
    D. None of the above

Answer: C

13. What is a Kafka connector?
    A. A tool for connecting to external data sources
    B. A way to extend Kafka’s capabilities
    C. A tool for managing Kafka clusters
    D. None of the above

Answer: B

14. How does Kafka ensure reliability?
    A. By using a replication factor
    B. By automatically recovering from failures
    C. By implementing leader election
    D. All of the above

Answer: D

15. How does Kafka handle data retention?
    A. By deleting data after a certain time period
    B. By deleting data after it has been consumed
    C. By allowing data to remain in the topic indefinitely
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

16. What is Apache ZooKeeper used for in Kafka?
    A. To manage Kafka’s metadata
    B. To store Kafka’s data
    C. To handle Kafka’s network traffic
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

17. What is a Kafka producer?
    A. A tool for writing data to Kafka topics
    B. A tool for reading data from Kafka topics
    C. A tool for managing Kafka clusters
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

18. What is Kafka Streams?
    A. A tool for analyzing Kafka data
    B. A tool for processing and analyzing Kafka data in real-time
    C. A tool for visualizing Kafka data
    D. None of the above

Answer: B

19. What is the default retention time for Kafka topics?
    A. 24 hours
    B. 7 days
    C. 30 days
    D. None of the above

Answer: B

20. What is a Kafka transaction?
    A. A way to group Kafka messages together as a single atomic operation
    B. A way to encrypt Kafka messages
    C. A way to compress Kafka messages
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

21. What is a Kafka rebalance?
    A. A process in which Kafka consumers are redistributed to different brokers
    B. A process in which Kafka topics are redistributed to different partitions
    C. A process in which Kafka producers are redistributed to different brokers
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

22. What is a Kafka key?
    A. A field in a Kafka message used for ordering and partitioning
    B. A field in a Kafka message used for encryption
    C. A field in a Kafka message used for compression
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

23. What is a Kafka consumer group?
    A. A group of Kafka consumers that coordinate to consume messages from a single topic
    B. A group of Kafka brokers that coordinate to serve a single topic
    C. A group of Kafka producers that coordinate to produce messages to a single topic
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

24. What is Kafka SASL?
    A. A protocol for secure communication between Kafka clients and brokers
    B. A protocol for encrypting Kafka messages
    C. A protocol for compressing Kafka messages
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

25. What is Kafka ACL?
    A. A system for controlling access to Kafka resources
    B. A way of encrypting Kafka messages
    C. A way of compressing Kafka messages
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

26. What is Kafka Streams DSL?
    A. A way of defining stream processing operations using Java or Scala
    B. A way of visualizing Kafka topics and partitions
    C. A way of managing Kafka clusters
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

27. What is a Kafka log?
    A. A file that contains all the messages in a Kafka topic
    B. A file that contains metadata about a Kafka cluster
    C. A file that contains information about Kafka consumer groups
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

28. What is a Kafka message broker?
    A. A server that stores and manages Kafka messages
    B. A server that produces Kafka messages
    C. A server that consumes Kafka messages
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

29. What is the maximum size of a Kafka message?
    A. 1 MB
    B. 10 MB
    C. 100 MB
    D. None of the above

Answer: D

30. What is Kafka CLI?
    A. A command line interface for managing Kafka clusters
    B. A command line interface for analyzing Kafka data
    C. A command line interface for visualizing Kafka topics
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

31. What is a consumer offset commit?
    A. A process in which Kafka consumers commit their current position in a topic
    B. A process in which Kafka consumers commit the messages they have read from a topic
    C. A process in which Kafka consumers commit their position in multiple topics
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

32. What is a Kafka transaction coordinator?
    A. A server that manages Kafka transactions
    B. A server that coordinates Kafka consumers
    C. A server that manages Kafka brokers
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

33. What is Kafka MirrorMaker?
    A. A tool for replicating Kafka data between clusters
    B. A tool for analyzing Kafka data
    C. A tool for compressing Kafka messages
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

34. What is a Kafka Streams application?
    A. An application that processes Kafka data in real-time using Kafka Streams
    B. An application that reads data from Kafka topics
    C. An application that writes data to Kafka topics
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

35. What is a Kafka REST proxy?
    A. An HTTP interface for accessing Kafka data
    B. A tool for managing Kafka clusters using a web browser
    C. An tool for analyzing Kafka data using web APIs
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

36. What is a Kafka cache?
    A. A cache of recently read Kafka messages
    B. A cache of recently produced Kafka messages
    C. A cache of Kafka consumers
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

37. What is a Kafka channel?
    A. A way of implementing Kafka message encryption
    B. A way of implementing Kafka message compression
    C. A way of isolating traffic between different Kafka producers and consumers
    D. None of the above

Answer: D

38. What is Kafka’s role in microservices architecture?
    A. Kafka can act as a data bus for microservices
    B. Kafka is used to orchestrate microservices
    C. Kafka is used to secure microservices
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

39. What is the minimum recommended Kafka cluster size?
    A. 1 broker and 1 zookeeper node
    B. 3 brokers and 3 zookeeper nodes
    C. 5 brokers and 5 zookeeper nodes
    D. None of the above

Answer: B

40. What is a Kafka Streams processor?
    A. A Java or Scala object that processes Kafka messages in real-time
    B. A tool for managing Kafka clusters
    C. A tool for visualizing Kafka topics
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

41. What is a Kafka Streams topology?
    A. A graph of processing steps that describe how Kafka messages are transformed and processed
    B. A graph of Kafka messages
    C. A graph of Kafka brokers
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

42. What is a Kafka Streams KTable?
    A. A stream of Kafka messages stored in a table-like format
    B. A stream of Kafka messages stored in an array-like format
    C. A stream of Kafka messages stored in a map-like format
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

43. What is Kafka Streams interactive queries?
    A. A way of querying Kafka data in real-time
    B. A tool for managing Kafka clusters
    C. A tool for visualizing Kafka topics
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

44. What is Kafka’s role in IoT architecture?
    A. Kafka can act as a data bus for IoT devices
    B. Kafka can act as a control plane for IoT devices
    C. Kafka can act as a security layer for IoT devices
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

45. What is a Kafka Streams state store?
    A. A distributed key-value store used to maintain intermediate state during stream processing
    B. A distributed file system used to store Kafka data
    C. A distributed database used to store Kafka data
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

46. What is Kafka Connect framework?
    A. A way for Kafka to connect to external data sources and destinations
    B. A tool for managing Kafka topics
    C. A tool for managing Kafka consumer groups
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

47. What is the recommended way of deploying a Kafka cluster?
    A. Using Docker containers
    B. Using a cloud provider
    C. Using a bare-metal server
    D. None of the above

Answer: B

48. What is a Kafka Connector API?
    A. An API for developing Kafka connectors
    B. An API for developing Kafka stream processors
    C. An API for developing Kafka consumers
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

49. What is Kafka’s role in real-time analytics?
    A. Kafka can act as a data ingestion and processing pipeline for real-time analytics
    B. Kafka can act as a tool for visualizing real-time analytics
    C. Kafka can act as a real-time analytics database
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

50. What is a Kafka Poll Loop?
    A. A loop that repeatedly polls Kafka for new messages
    B. A loop that repeatedly polls Kafka for topic metadata
    C. A loop that repeatedly polls Kafka for consumer offsets
    D. None of the above

Answer: A

1) What is Apache Cassandra?
a) A NoSQL database management system
b) A relational database management system
c) A file storage system

Answer: a) A NoSQL database management system

2) Which language is Cassandra written in?
a) Java
b) Python
c) C++

Answer: a) Java

3) Which partitioning mechanism does Cassandra use?
a) Hash partitioning
b) Range partitioning
c) List partitioning

Answer: a) Hash partitioning

4) Which consistency levels are provided by Cassandra?
a) Weak, Strong, and Absolute
b) One, Two, and Three
c) Consistency level can be customized

Answer: c) Consistency level can be customized

5) What is a node in Cassandra?
a) A server
b) A column
c) A row

Answer: a) A server

6) What is a keyspace in Cassandra?
a) A table
b) A group of related tables
c) A database

Answer: c) A database

7) What is a column family in Cassandra?
a) A column
b) A row
c) A group of related columns

Answer: c) A group of related columns

8) What is a column in Cassandra?
a) A row
b) A piece of data
c) A table

Answer: b) A piece of data

9) Which storage engine is used by Cassandra?
a) InnoDB
b) MyISAM
c) SSTable

Answer: c) SSTable

10) What is the default consistency level in Cassandra?
a) ONE
b) TWO
c) QUORUM

Answer: a) ONE

11) What is the purpose of a replica in Cassandra?
a) To increase write throughput
b) To increase read throughput
c) To provide fault tolerance

Answer: c) To provide fault tolerance

12) What is a seed node in Cassandra?
a) A node that joins the cluster first
b) A node used for database backups
c) A node used for load balancing

Answer: a) A node that joins the cluster first

13) What is CQL?
a) Cassandra Query Language
b) Consistency Query Language
c) Column Query Language

Answer: a) Cassandra Query Language

14) What is a token in Cassandra?
a) A form of authentication
b) A unique identifier for a partition
c) A type of data in a column family

Answer: b) A unique identifier for a partition

15) What is a write ahead log in Cassandra?
a) A log of all database changes
b) A type of column family
c) A type of index

Answer: a) A log of all database changes

16) Which command is used to create a keyspace in Cassandra?
a) CREATE KEYSPACE
b) CREATE DATABASE
c) CREATE TABLESPACE

Answer: a) CREATE KEYSPACE

17) Which command is used to create a table in Cassandra?
a) CREATE TABLE
b) CREATE COLUMN FAMILY
c) CREATE SCHEMA

Answer: a) CREATE TABLE

18) What is compaction in Cassandra?
a) The process of compressing data
b) The process of merging and removing old data
c) The process of optimizing queries

Answer: b) The process of merging and removing old data

19) What is a Bloom filter in Cassandra?
a) A data structure used for probabilistic querying
b) A type of column family
c) A type of index

Answer: a) A data structure used for probabilistic querying

20) What is a hint in Cassandra?
a) A suggestion for query optimization
b) A way to provide fault tolerance during database writes
c) A type of index

Answer: b) A way to provide fault tolerance during database writes

21) Which command is used to insert data into a table in Cassandra?
a) INSERT INTO
b) UPDATE
c) UPSERT

Answer: a) INSERT INTO

22) Which command is used to delete data from a table in Cassandra?
a) DELETE FROM
b) REMOVE
c) ERASE

Answer: a) DELETE FROM

23) What is tombstoning in Cassandra?
a) A method of marking deleted data
b) A type of compaction
c) A type of optimization

Answer: a) A method of marking deleted data

24) What is the purpose of a secondary index in Cassandra?
a) To optimize read queries
b) To optimize write queries
c) To provide fault tolerance

Answer: a) To optimize read queries

25) Which command is used to create a secondary index in Cassandra?
a) CREATE INDEX
b) ADD INDEX
c) BUILD INDEX

Answer: a) CREATE INDEX

26) Which command is used to drop a table in Cassandra?
a) DROP TABLE
b) REMOVE TABLE
c) ERASE TABLE

Answer: a) DROP TABLE

27) Which command is used to truncate a table in Cassandra?
a) TRUNCATE TABLE
b) CLEAR TABLE
c) ERASE TABLE

Answer: a) TRUNCATE TABLE

28) Which command is used to change the replication factor of a keyspace in Cassandra?
a) ALTER KEYSPACE
b) MODIFY KEYSAPCE
c) UPDATE KEYSPACE

Answer: a) ALTER KEYSPACE

29) What is data modeling in Cassandra?
a) The process of designing a database schema
b) The process of optimizing database queries
c) The process of compressing data

Answer: a) The process of designing a database schema

30) Which command is used to create a user-defined type?
a) CREATE TYPE
b) ADD TYPE
c) BUILD TYPE

Answer: a) CREATE TYPE

31) What is materialized view in Cassandra?
a) A type of index
b) A secondary table that stores pre-aggregated data
c) A type of compression

Answer: b) A secondary table that stores pre-aggregated data

32) Which command is used to create a materialized view in Cassandra?
a) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
b) ADD MATERIALIZED VIEW
c) BUILD MATERIALIZED VIEW

Answer: a) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW

33) What is a batch statement in Cassandra?
a) A way to group multiple queries together
b) A way to optimize queries
c) A way to serialize data

Answer: a) A way to group multiple queries together

34) Which command is used to execute a batch statement in Cassandra?
a) BATCH
b) EXECUTE BATCH
c) BEGIN BATCH

Answer: c) BEGIN BATCH

35) What is a UDF in Cassandra?
a) A user-defined function
b) A type of index
c) A type of data type

Answer: a) A user-defined function

36) Which command is used to create a user-defined function in Cassandra?
a) CREATE FUNCTION
b) ADD FUNCTION
c) BUILD FUNCTION

Answer: a) CREATE FUNCTION

37) What is virtual node in Cassandra?
a) A method of partitioning data
b) A method of replicating data
c) A type of index

Answer: a) A method of partitioning data

38) What is a counter column in Cassandra?
a) A column that stores counts
b) A column that stores binary data
c) A column that stores timestamps

Answer: a) A column that stores counts

39) Which data model does Cassandra follow?
a) Object-relational data model
b) Document data model
c) Key-value data model

Answer: c) Key-value data model

40) What is the purpose of a batchlog in Cassandra?
a) To store failed batch operations
b) To store successful batch operations
c) To provide fault tolerance during batch operations

Answer: a) To store failed batch operations

41) Which command is used to view the schema in Cassandra?
a) DESCRIBE
b) SHOW
c) LIST

Answer: a) DESCRIBE

42) What is a range tombstone in Cassandra?
a) A type of column family
b) A type of index
c) A type of deleted data marker

Answer: c) A type of deleted data marker

43) What is a lightweight transaction in Cassandra?
a) A type of compaction process
b) A type of database backup
c) A way to ensure data consistency during database writes

Answer: c) A way to ensure data consistency during database writes

44) Which command is used to insert data with a lightweight transaction in Cassandra?
a) IF EXISTS INSERT
b) IF NOT EXISTS INSERT
c) IF DOES NOT EXIST INSERT

Answer: b) IF NOT EXISTS INSERT

45) What is a commit log in Cassandra?
a) A log of all database changes
b) A type of index
c) A type of replication factor

Answer: a) A log of all database changes

46) Which command is used to change the replication strategy of a keyspace in Cassandra?
a) ALTER KEYSPACE
b) MODIFY KEYSPACE
c) UPDATE KEYSPACE

Answer: a) ALTER KEYSPACE

47) What is a virtual data center in Cassandra?
a) A method of organizing nodes into logical groups
b) A type of virtual machine
c) A type of data center simulator

Answer: a) A method of organizing nodes into logical groups

48) Which command is used to change the replication factor of a table in Cassandra?
a) ALTER TABLE
b) MODIFY TABLE
c) UPDATE TABLE

Answer: a) ALTER TABLE

49) What is a token range in Cassandra?
a) A range of tokens assigned to nodes
b) A range of data in a table
c) A range of metadata for a keyspace

Answer: a) A range of tokens assigned to nodes

50) Which command is used to compact a table in Cassandra?
a) COMPACT TABLE
b) OPTIMIZE TABLE
c) REPAIR TABLE

Answer: c) REPAIR TABLE

1) What is Couchbase?

A) A Couch
B) A database management system
C) A programming language
D) A web browser

Answer: B) A database management system

2) Which of the following is NOT a feature of Couchbase?

A) Scalability
B) High availability
C) Relational data model
D) Consistency

Answer: C) Relational data model

3) Couchbase supports which of the following database models?

A) Key-Value
B) Columnar
C) Document-oriented
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

4) Which of the following is a SQL-like query language used in Couchbase?

A) N1QL
B) NoSQL
C) SQL-C
D) CQL

Answer: A) N1QL

5) What is a Bucket in Couchbase?

A) A container for storing data
B) A type of index
C) A security measure
D) An administrative role

Answer: A) A container for storing data

6) Which of the following does NOT influence the speed and performance of a Couchbase query?

A) Number of documents
B) Size of documents
C) CPU speed
D) Number of indexes

Answer: C) CPU speed

7) Which protocol is used for communication between Couchbase clients and servers?

A) HTML
B) FTP
C) HTTP
D) TCP

Answer: D) TCP

8) Which of the following is a feature of Couchbase Mobile?

A) Support for offline data access
B) Real-time replication
C) Access control and security
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

9) Which of the following is NOT a way to interact with Couchbase?

A) Web user interface
B) REST API
C) Command line interface
D) Cookies

Answer: D) Cookies

10) Which of the following is a way to improve query performance in Couchbase?

A) Adding more indexes
B) Adding more documents
C) Adding more buckets
D) Adding more servers

Answer: A) Adding more indexes

11) Which of the following is a way to achieve data consistency in Couchbase?

A) Telling everyone to use the same document
B) Using strong consistency
C) Never updating documents
D) None of the above

Answer: B) Using strong consistency

12) How does Couchbase handle document conflicts?

A) It merges the conflicting versions
B) It randomly chooses one version to keep
C) It deletes one version
D) It notifies the user of the conflict

Answer: A) It merges the conflicting versions

13) Which of the following is a way to monitor Couchbase performance?

A) Using the web user interface
B) Using the command line interface
C) Using third-party tools
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

14) Which of the following is a way to configure Couchbase for high availability?

A) Adding more indexes
B) Adding more documents
C) Adding more buckets
D) Adding more servers

Answer: D) Adding more servers

15) Which of the following is a way to secure Couchbase?

A) Using SSL/TLS encryption
B) Using LDAP authentication
C) Using role-based access control
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

16) Which of the following is NOT a supported programming language for Couchbase SDKs?

A) Java
B) Python
C) Ruby
D) PHP

Answer: C) Ruby

17) What is Couchbase’s data durability feature?

A) The ability to recover data in case of a crash
B) The ability to replicate data in real-time
C) The ability to ensure data is never lost
D) The ability to compress data

Answer: C) The ability to ensure data is never lost

18) Which of the following is NOT a way to scale Couchbase?

A) Adding more indexes
B) Adding more documents
C) Adding more buckets
D) Adding more servers

Answer: A) Adding more indexes

19) Which of the following is a way to improve query performance in Couchbase?

A) Adding more RAM
B) Adding more disk space
C) Reducing document size
D) All of the above

Answer: A) Adding more RAM

20) Which of the following is a way to improve write performance in Couchbase?

A) Adding more RAM
B) Adding more disk space
C) Reducing document size
D) All of the above

Answer: B) Adding more disk space

21) Which of the following is NOT a supported platform for Couchbase SDKs?

A) Windows
B) Linux
C) macOS
D) iOS

Answer: D) iOS

22) Which of the following is a way to replicate data in Couchbase?

A) Using the document API
B) Using the XDCR API
C) Using the N1QL API
D) Using the authentication API

Answer: B) Using the XDCR API

23) What is the maximum document size in Couchbase?

A) 1 MB
B) 10 MB
C) 100 MB
D) 1 GB

Answer: C) 100 MB

24) Which of the following is a way to configure a Couchbase cluster?

A) Using the web user interface
B) Using the command line interface
C) Using third-party tools
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

25) Which of the following is a way to handle failed Couchbase requests?

A) Ignoring the error and proceeding
B) Retrying the request
C) Throwing an exception
D) All of the above

Answer: B) Retrying the request

26) Which of the following is a way to handle data corruption in Couchbase?

A) Restoring from a backup
B) Re-indexing the data
C) Deleting the data and starting over
D) None of the above

Answer: A) Restoring from a backup

27) Which of the following is a way to monitor Couchbase resource usage?

A) Using the web user interface
B) Using the command line interface
C) Using third-party tools
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

28) Which of the following is NOT a way to configure Couchbase security?

A) Using SSL/TLS encryption
B) Using LDAP authentication
C) Using an open firewall
D) Using role-based access control

Answer: C) Using an open firewall

29) Which of the following is a way to handle database backups in Couchbase?

A) Using the backup API
B) Manually copying files
C) Using a third-party tool
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

30) What is Couchbase’s index management feature?

A) The ability to create and modify indexes
B) The ability to replicate indexes in real-time
C) The ability to compress indexes
D) The ability to ensure index consistency

Answer: A) The ability to create and modify indexes

31) Which of the following is a way to optimize disk usage in Couchbase?

A) Using compression
B) Reducing document size
C) Removing unnecessary documents
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

32) Which of the following is a way to handle index fragmentation in Couchbase?

A) Rebuilding the index
B) Deleting the index and creating a new one
C) Shrinking the index
D) None of the above

Answer: A) Rebuilding the index

33) Which of the following is a way to enable Couchbase replication?

A) Starting the replication service
B) Configuring replication in the web user interface
C) Creating a bucket for replication
D) None of the above

Answer: B) Configuring replication in the web user interface

34) Which of the following is a way to handle disk failures in Couchbase?

A) Using RAID
B) Using replication
C) Using backups
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

35) Which of the following is a way to handle network failures in Couchbase?

A) Using RAID
B) Using replication
C) Using backups
D) All of the above

Answer: B) Using replication

36) Which of the following is a way to use Couchbase as a cache?

A) Using the Couchbase client
B) Using third-party caching libraries
C) Using the Couchbase caching API
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

37) Which of the following is a way to handle memory usage in Couchbase?

A) Using more RAM
B) Configuring memory quotas
C) Reducing document size
D) All of the above

Answer: B) Configuring memory quotas

38) Which of the following is a way to handle disk space usage in Couchbase?

A) Using more disk space
B) Configuring disk space quotas
C) Reducing document size
D) All of the above

Answer: B) Configuring disk space quotas

39) Which of the following is NOT a way to interact with Couchbase Mobile?

A) REST API
B) Sync Gateway
C) Mobile SDKs
D) Web user interface

Answer: D) Web user interface

40) Which of the following is a way to handle conflicts in Couchbase Mobile?

A) Using last-write-wins
B) Using merge logic
C) Using a conflict resolution API
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

41) What is the purpose of a Couchbase bucket password?

A) To encrypt data in the bucket
B) To prevent unauthorized access to the bucket
C) To compress data in the bucket
D) None of the above

Answer: B) To prevent unauthorized access to the bucket

42) Which of the following is a way to optimize Couchbase query performance?

A) Using join operations
B) Using subqueries
C) Using projection
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

43) Which of the following is a way to handle slow queries in Couchbase?

A) Reducing index size
B) Reducing document size
C) Increasing server resources
D) All of the above

Answer: C) Increasing server resources

44) Which of the following is a way to handle large queries in Couchbase?

A) Using paging
B) Using stream processing
C) Increasing server resources
D) All of the above

Answer: A) Using paging

45) Which of the following is a way to handle high write throughput in Couchbase?

A) Using document batching
B) Using parallel processing
C) Reducing disk usage
D) All of the above

Answer: A) Using document batching

46) Which of the following is a way to handle high read throughput in Couchbase?

A) Using document caching
B) Using parallel processing
C) Reducing document size
D) All of the above

Answer: A) Using document caching

47) Which of the following is a way to handle schema changes in Couchbase?

A) Altering existing documents
B) Creating new documents
C) Using N1QL ALTER statements
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

48) What is the purpose of Couchbase Query Workbench?

A) To manage indexes
B) To write and test N1QL queries
C) To view server statistics
D) None of the above

Answer: B) To write and test N1QL queries

49) Which of the following is a way to handle query optimization in Couchbase?

A) Analyzing query performance
B) Reducing index size
C) Reducing document size
D) All of the above

Answer: A) Analyzing query performance

50) What is the purpose of a Couchbase cluster manager?

A) To monitor cluster performance
B) To handle node failures
C) To configure replication
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

1. What is Redis?
   a) A relational database
   b) A NoSQL database
   c) A graph database
   d) A document database

Answer: b

2. What is the data structure used by Redis?
   a) JSON
   b) XML
   c) Key-Value
   d) Relational

Answer: c

3. What is the maximum size of the key in Redis?
   a) 256 MB
   b) 512 MB
   c) 1 GB
   d) 2 GB

Answer: b

4. What is the maximum number of Redis databases that can be created?
   a) 15
   b) 16
   c) 18
   d) 20

Answer: b

5. Which command is used to get the value of a key in Redis?
   a) Get
   b) Set
   c) Mget
   d) Hget

Answer: a

6. Which command is used to set the value of a key in Redis?
   a) Get
   b) Set
   c) Mget
   d) Hget

Answer: b

7. Which data structure is used to store sorted data in Redis?
   a) Set
   b) List
   c) Hash
   d) Sorted Set

Answer: d

8. Which Redis data structure is similar to a Dictionary in Python?
   a) Set
   b) List
   c) Hash
   d) Sorted Set

Answer: c

9. Which command is used to add an element to a Set in Redis?
   a) Add
   b) Set
   c) Sadd
   d) Sset

Answer: c

10. Which command is used to remove an element from a Set in Redis?
    a) Remove
    b) Del
    c) Srem
    d) Hrem

Answer: c

11. Which command is used to get the length of a List in Redis?
    a) Length
    b) Count
    c) Len
    d) Llen

Answer: d

12. Which command is used to add an element to the beginning of a List in Redis?
    a) Lpush
    b) Rpush
    c) Lpop
    d) Rpop

Answer: a

13. Which command is used to add an element to the end of a List in Redis?
    a) Lpush
    b) Rpush
    c) Lpop
    d) Rpop

Answer: b

14. Which Redis data structure is similar to a stack in programming?
    a) Set
    b) List
    c) Hash
    d) Sorted Set

Answer: b

15. Which Redis data structure is similar to a queue in programming?
    a) Set
    b) List
    c) Hash
    d) Sorted Set

Answer: b

16. Which data structure is used to store a value with an expiration time in Redis?
    a) Set
    b) List
    c) Hash
    d) Sorted Set

Answer: c

17. Which command is used to set the expiration time of a key in Redis?
    a) Expire
    b) SetEx
    c) Pexpire
    d) PsetEx

Answer: d

18. Which command is used to remove the expiration time of a key in Redis?
    a) Expire
    b) Persist
    c) Pexpire
    d) Ppersist

Answer: b

19. Which command is used to get the remaining time for a key with an expiration time in Redis?
    a) Ttl
    b) Ltt
    c) Pttl
    d) Pltt

Answer: c

20. Which command is used to increment a value in Redis by a certain amount?
    a) Incr
    b) IncrBy
    c) Decr
    d) DecrBy

Answer: b

21. Which command is used to get the value of multiple keys in Redis?
    a) Get
    b) Mget
    c) Hget
    d) Smget

Answer: b

22. Which command is used to set the value of multiple keys in Redis?
    a) Set
    b) Mset
    c) Hset
    d) Smset

Answer: b

23. Which command is used to check if a key exists in Redis?
    a) Exists
    b) Check
    c) KeyExists
    d) KeyCheck

Answer: a

24. Which command is used to get all the keys in Redis?
    a) Keys
    b) AllKeys
    c) GetKeys
    d) ListKeys

Answer: a

25. Which command is used to delete a key in Redis?
    a) Delete
    b) Remove
    c) Del
    d) Rem

Answer: c

26. Which command is used to delete multiple keys in Redis?
    a) Delete
    b) Remove
    c) Del
    d) Mdel

Answer: d

27. Which command is used to get the size of a Set in Redis?
    a) Length
    b) Count
    c) Size
    d) Scard

Answer: d

28. Which command is used to get the members of a Set in Redis?
    a) Members
    b) GetMembers
    c) Smembers
    d) SetMembers

Answer: c

29. Which command is used to check if an element exists in a Set in Redis?
    a) Exists
    b) Check
    c) Sexists
    d) SetExists

Answer: c

30. Which command is used to get the intersection of two Sets in Redis?
    a) Intersect
    b) Sinter
    c) Union
    d) Sunion

Answer: b

31. Which command is used to get the union of two Sets in Redis?
    a) Intersect
    b) Sinter
    c) Union
    d) Sunion

Answer: d

32. Which command is used to get the difference of two Sets in Redis?
    a) Diff
    b) Sdiff
    c) SDiffStore
    d) SetDiff

Answer: b

33. Which command is used to move an element from one Set to another in Redis?
    a) Move
    b) Transfer
    c) Smove
    d) Stransfer

Answer: c

34. Which command is used to add an element to a Sorted Set in Redis?
    a) Add
    b) Set
    c) Zadd
    d) Zset

Answer: c

35. Which command is used to remove an element from a Sorted Set in Redis?
    a) Remove
    b) Del
    c) Zrem
    d) Zdel

Answer: c

36. Which command is used to get the range of elements in a Sorted Set in Redis?
    a) Range
    b) GetRange
    c) Zrange
    d) SetRange

Answer: c

37. Which command is used to get the rank of an element in a Sorted Set in Redis?
    a) Rank
    b) GetRank
    c) Zrank
    d) SetRank

Answer: c

38. Which command is used to get the score of an element in a Sorted Set in Redis?
    a) Score
    b) GetScore
    c) Zscore
    d) SetScore

Answer: c

39. Which command is used to increment the score of an element in a Sorted Set in Redis?
    a) Incr
    b) IncrBy
    c) Zincr
    d) ZincrBy

Answer: d

40. Which command is used to get the size of a Sorted Set in Redis?
    a) Length
    b) Count
    c) Size
    d) Zcard

Answer: d

41. Which command is used to get the members of a Sorted Set in Redis?
    a) Members
    b) GetMembers
    c) Zmembers
    d) SortedMembers

Answer: c

42. Which command is used to get all the values in Redis?
    a) Values
    b) AllValues
    c) GetValues
    d) ListValues

Answer: a

43. Which command is used to get the random key in Redis?
    a) Random
    b) GetRandom
    c) KeyRandom
    d) RandomKey

Answer: d

44. Which command is used to get the random element from a Set in Redis?
    a) Random
    b) GetRandom
    c) Srandom
    d) Srandmember

Answer: d

45. Which command is used to get the random element from a Sorted Set in Redis?
    a) Random
    b) GetRandom
    c) Zrandom
    d) Zrandmember

Answer: d

46. Which command is used to flush all the data in Redis?
    a) FlushAll
    b) Flush
    c) Clear
    d) Truncate

Answer: a

47. Which command is used to backup Redis data?
    a) Backup
    b) Save
    c) Export
    d) Dump

Answer: d

48. Which command is used to restore Redis data?
    a) Restore
    b) Load
    c) Import
    d) Recover

Answer: a

49. Which command is used to check the Redis server status?
    a) Status
    b) CheckServer
    c) Ping
    d) Health

Answer: c

50. Which command is used to shutdown the Redis server?
    a) Shutdown
    b) Stop
    c) End
    d) Quit

Answer: a

1. Which of the following is not a SQL aggregate function?
   a) COUNT
   b) SUM
   c) AVG
   d) UPDATE

Answer: d) UPDATE

2. Which of the following SQL commands is used to return all rows from a table?
   a) SELECT *
   b) SELECT ALL
   c) SELECT SOME
   d) SELECT DISTINCT

Answer: a) SELECT *

3. Which Oracle database component manages user security and authentication?
   a) Database Administrator (DBA)
   b) Oracle Internet Directory (OID)
   c) Oracle Identity Manager (OIM)
   d) Oracle Access Manager (OAM)

Answer: b) Oracle Internet Directory (OID)

4. Which of the following is not a type of join in SQL?
   a) INNER JOIN
   b) OUTER JOIN
   c) FULL JOIN
   d) CROSS JOIN

Answer: c) FULL JOIN

5. Which Oracle tool is used for monitoring database performance and diagnosing problems?
   a) Oracle Grid Infrastructure
   b) Oracle Enterprise Manager
   c) Oracle Data Guard
   d) Oracle Real Application Clusters

Answer: b) Oracle Enterprise Manager

6. Which SQL keyword is used to sort data in descending order?
   a) ASC
   b) DESC
   c) ORDER BY
   d) GROUP BY

Answer: b) DESC

7. Which of the following data types can store only numeric values with no decimal places in Oracle?
   a) NUMBER
   b) INTEGER
   c) FLOAT
   d) BINARY_INTEGER

Answer: b) INTEGER

8. Which built-in Oracle package can be used to send email from the database?
   a) DBMS_OUTPUT
   b) UTL_SMTP
   c) DBMS_SCHEDULER
   d) UTL_FILE

Answer: b) UTL_SMTP

9. Which Oracle feature allows a single database instance to support multiple databases?
   a) Oracle Real Application Clusters
   b) Oracle Grid Infrastructure
   c) Oracle Multitenant
   d) Oracle GoldenGate

Answer: c) Oracle Multitenant

10. Which SQL keyword is used to limit the number of rows returned in a query?
    a) LIMIT
    b) OFFSET
    c) TOP
    d) ROWNUM

Answer: d) ROWNUM

11. Which Oracle database component handles memory management and optimization?
    a) System Global Area (SGA)
    b) Program Global Area (PGA)
    c) Oracle Shared Server (OSS)
    d) Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)

Answer: a) System Global Area (SGA)

12. Which SQL keyword is used to group data in a query?
    a) GROUP BY
    b) ORDER BY
    c) DIVIDE BY
    d) MULTIPLY BY

Answer: a) GROUP BY

13. Which Oracle database component is responsible for managing database backups?
    a) Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN)
    b) Oracle Data Guard
    c) Oracle Advanced Security
    d) Oracle Internet Directory (OID)

Answer: a) Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN)

14. Which SQL keyword is used to filter data in a query with multiple conditions?
    a) OR
    b) AND
    c) NOT
    d) XOR

Answer: b) AND

15. Which Oracle tool provides an interface for administering the database?
    a) Oracle Data Guard
    b) Oracle Net Manager
    c) Oracle Enterprise Manager
    d) Oracle Performance Analyzer

Answer: c) Oracle Enterprise Manager

16. Which SQL function is used to find the highest value in a column?
    a) MAX
    b) MIN
    c) AVG
    d) SUM

Answer: a) MAX

17. Which Oracle tool provides real-time performance monitoring and tuning recommendations?
    a) Oracle Tuning Pack
    b) Oracle Real Application Testing
    c) Oracle Diagnostics Pack
    d) Oracle Database Vault

Answer: a) Oracle Tuning Pack

18. Which SQL keyword is used to specify a condition in a query?
    a) WHERE
    b) WHEN
    c) IF
    d) THEN

Answer: a) WHERE

19. Which Oracle database component allows simultaneous access to a single database by multiple users?
    a) Oracle Shared Server (OSS)
    b) Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
    c) Oracle Internet Directory (OID)
    d) Oracle Advanced Security

Answer: a) Oracle Shared Server (OSS)

20. Which SQL function is used to find the average value of a column?
    a) AVG
    b) MIN
    c) MAX
    d) SUM

Answer: a) AVG

21. Which Oracle tool allows developers to design and deploy web applications and web services?
    a) Oracle Application Express (APEX)
    b) Oracle Forms
    c) Oracle WebLogic Server
    d) Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition (OBIEE)

Answer: a) Oracle Application Express (APEX)

22. Which SQL keyword is used to return only the distinct values in a column?
    a) DISTINCT
    b) UNIQUE
    c) ALL
    d) SAME

Answer: a) DISTINCT

23. Which Oracle database component is used for data replication and disaster recovery?
    a) Oracle Database Vault
    b) Oracle Data Guard
    c) Oracle Streams
    d) Oracle GoldenGate

Answer: b) Oracle Data Guard

24. Which SQL keyword is used to join multiple tables in a query?
    a) JOIN
    b) MERGE
    c) COMBINE
    d) UNITE

Answer: a) JOIN

25. Which Oracle tool provides security policies and controls for database access?
    a) Oracle Database Vault
    b) Oracle Label Security
    c) Oracle Advanced Security
    d) Oracle Audit Vault and Database Firewall

Answer: a) Oracle Database Vault

26. Which SQL function is used to find the lowest value in a column?
    a) MIN
    b) MAX
    c) AVG
    d) SUM

Answer: a) MIN

27. Which Oracle database component is used for workload management and resource allocation?
    a) Oracle Grid Infrastructure
    b) Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
    c) Oracle Resource Manager
    d) Oracle Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

Answer: c) Oracle Resource Manager

28. Which SQL keyword is used to retrieve data from multiple tables using a common column?
    a) UNION
    b) MINUS
    c) INTERSECT
    d) JOIN

Answer: d) JOIN

29. Which Oracle tool provides automated database testing and workload analysis?
    a) Oracle Real Application Testing
    b) Oracle Data Guard
    c) Oracle Diagnostics Pack
    d) Oracle Enterprise Manager

Answer: a) Oracle Real Application Testing

30. Which SQL function is used to concatenate columns or strings together?
    a) CONCAT
    b) STRCAT
    c) MERGE
    d) JOIN

Answer: a) CONCAT

31. Which Oracle database component provides automatic storage optimization and redundancy?
    a) Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
    b) Oracle Automatic Storage Management (ASM)
    c) Oracle Shared Server (OSS)
    d) Oracle Streams

Answer: b) Oracle Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

32. Which SQL keyword is used to modify data in a table?
    a) INSERT
    b) DELETE
    c) UPDATE
    d) REPLACE

Answer: c) UPDATE

33. Which Oracle database component provides workload isolation and management for application services?
    a) Oracle Database Vault
    b) Oracle Label Security
    c) Oracle Resource Manager
    d) Oracle Streams

Answer: c) Oracle Resource Manager

34. Which SQL function is used to count the number of rows in a table?
    a) ROWCOUNT
    b) ROWSUM
    c) ROWAVERAGE
    d) COUNT

Answer: d) COUNT

35. Which Oracle tool provides database backup and recovery automation?
    a) Oracle Data Guard
    b) Oracle Flashback
    c) Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN)
    d) Oracle Advanced Security

Answer: c) Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN)

36. Which SQL keyword is used to create a new table?
    a) ADD
    b) CREATE
    c) ALTER
    d) MODIFY

Answer: b) CREATE

37. Which Oracle database component provides high availability and automatic failover?
    a) Oracle Streams
    b) Oracle Advanced Security
    c) Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
    d) Oracle Data Guard

Answer: c) Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)

38. Which SQL function is used to convert a value to a character string?
    a) STR
    b) CONVERT
    c) CAST
    d) MESSAGE

Answer: c) CAST

39. Which Oracle tool provides data modeling and design capabilities?
    a) Oracle SQL Developer Data Modeler
    b) Oracle Application Express (APEX)
    c) Oracle Forms
    d) Oracle BI Publisher

Answer: a) Oracle SQL Developer Data Modeler

40. Which SQL keyword is used to delete data from a table?
    a) DELETE
    b) REMOVE
    c) ERASE
    d) ELIMINATE

Answer: a) DELETE

41. Which Oracle database component provides secure storage and encryption of database data?
    a) Oracle Advanced Security
    b) Oracle Label Security
    c) Oracle Data Guard
    d) Oracle Transparent Data Encryption

Answer: d) Oracle Transparent Data Encryption

42. Which SQL function is used to round a numeric value to a specified number of decimal places?
    a) ROUND
    b) FLOOR
    c) CEIL
    d) TRUNC

Answer: a) ROUND

43. Which Oracle tool provides database performance monitoring and analysis?
    a) Oracle Enterprise Manager
    b) Oracle Diagnostics Pack
    c) Oracle Real Application Testing
    d) Oracle Application Express (APEX)

Answer: b) Oracle Diagnostics Pack

44. Which SQL keyword is used to update data in a table?
    a) MODIFY
    b) ALTER
    c) REPLACE
    d) UPDATE

Answer: d) UPDATE

45. Which Oracle database component provides data replication and synchronization across multiple databases?
    a) Oracle Streams
    b) Oracle Data Guard
    c) Oracle Database Vault
    d) Oracle GoldenGate

Answer: d) Oracle GoldenGate

46. Which SQL function is used to calculate the difference between two dates?
    a) DATEDIFF
    b) DIFFDATE
    c) DATEADD
    d) SYSDATE

Answer: a) DATEDIFF

47. Which Oracle tool provides centralized database management for multiple databases?
    a) Oracle Enterprise Manager
    b) Oracle Grid Infrastructure
    c) Oracle Advanced Security
    d) Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)

Answer: a) Oracle Enterprise Manager

48. Which SQL keyword is used to add a new column to a table?
    a) ADD COLUMN
    b) ALTER COLUMN
    c) NEW COLUMN
    d) COLUMN ADD

Answer: a) ADD COLUMN

49. Which Oracle database component provides data masking and subsetting capabilities for test databases?
    a) Oracle Virtual Private Database (VPD)
    b) Oracle Diagnostic Pack
    c) Oracle Database Vault
    d) Oracle Enterprise Manager

Answer: a) Oracle Virtual Private Database (VPD)

50. Which SQL function is used to find the length of a string?
    a) LENGTH
    b) SIZE
    c) COUNT
    d) SUM

Answer: a) LENGTH