1. What is Istio?
a. A container orchestration system
b. A service mesh
c. A monitoring system
d. Just another tool
Answer: b. A service mesh
2. Which languages Istio supports for application development?
a. Java only
b. Go only
c. Java and Go
d. Python and Ruby
Answer: c. Java and Go
3. What is the primary advantage of using Istio for service mesh?
a. Security
b. Scalability
c. Observability
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
4. How does Istio provide security for microservices?
a. By enforcing mutual TLS authentication
b. By implementing rate limiting
c. By providing DDoS protection
d. By providing firewall rules
Answer: a. By enforcing mutual TLS authentication
5. What is the role of sidecar in Istio?
a. To provide application logic
b. To inject proxies into microservices
c. To manage microservices
d. To provide load balancing
Answer: b. To inject proxies into microservices
6. Which component of Istio provides traffic management?
a. Mixer
b. Pilot
c. Citadel
d. Sidecar
Answer: b. Pilot
7. How does Istio provide observability of microservices?
a. By providing logging and metrics
b. By providing tracing
c. By providing visualization tools
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
8. What is the role of Mixer in Istio?
a. To provide telemetry data
b. To enforce security policies
c. To implement routing rules
d. To manage microservices
Answer: a. To provide telemetry data
9. What is Istio’s default load balancing algorithm?
a. Round Robin
b. Least Connection
c. Random
d. IP Hash
Answer: a. Round Robin
10. How does Istio handle circuit breaking?
a. By using Envoy’s circuit breaking feature
b. By implementing Istio-specific circuit breaking
c. By using Kubernetes circuit breaking feature
d. None of the above
Answer: a. By using Envoy’s circuit breaking feature
11. What is Istio’s method of service discovery?
a. DNS
b. Kubernetes API
c. Service registry
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
12. What is the role of Envoy in Istio?
a. To manage microservices
b. To provide load balancing
c. To enforce security policies
d. To move data between microservices
Answer: d. To move data between microservices
13. Which Istio component provides authentication and authorization?
a. Citadel
b. Mixer
c. Pilot
d. Sidecar
Answer: a. Citadel
14. What is Istio’s approach to fault injection?
a. Randomly injecting faults
b. Comprehensive and targeted injection of faults
c. Testing in production without fault injection
d. None of the above
Answer: b. Comprehensive and targeted injection of faults
15. What is Istio’s approach to traffic shifting?
a. Randomly shifting traffic
b. Blue/green deployment
c. Canary deployment
d. None of the above
Answer: c. Canary deployment
16. Which Istio component provides distributed tracing?
a. Jaeger
b. Prometheus
c. Grafana
d. Elasticsearch
Answer: a. Jaeger
17. What is the role of Pilot in Istio?
a. To provide observability
b. To manage microservices
c. To enforce security policies
d. To provide traffic management
Answer: d. To provide traffic management
18. How does Istio provide rate limiting for microservices?
a. By using Mixer
b. By using pilot
c. By using sidecar
d. None of the above
Answer: a. By using Mixer
19. What is the difference between ingress and egress in Istio?
a. Ingress is traffic coming in to the mesh, while egress is traffic going out of the mesh
b. Ingress is traffic going out of the mesh, while egress is traffic coming in to the mesh
c. Ingress and egress are the same thing in Istio
d. None of the above
Answer: a. Ingress is traffic coming in to the mesh, while egress is traffic going out of the mesh
20. How can you deploy Istio on Kubernetes?
a. By using Helm charts
b. By using Kubernetes manifests
c. By using Istio operator
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
21. What is Istio Mutual TLS?
a. A security feature that requires two client certificates for authentication
b. A security feature that requires two server certificates for authentication
c. A security feature that secures the communication between microservices
d. None of the above
Answer: c. A security feature that secures the communication between microservices
22. How does Istio handle service mesh telemetry data?
a. By collecting data from Envoy proxies and delivering it to Mixer
b. By using Kubernetes metrics
c. By collecting data from Prometheus and delivering it to Grafana
d. None of the above
Answer: a. By collecting data from Envoy proxies and delivering it to Mixer
23. What is the difference between Istio and Linkerd?
a. Linkerd is a fork of Istio
b. Linkerd is an alternative service mesh to Istio
c. Istio and Linkerd provide different functionalities
d. None of the above
Answer: b. Linkerd is an alternative service mesh to Istio
24. What is the role of EnvoyFilter in Istio?
a. To provide load balancing
b. To implement security policies
c. To modify Envoy behavior
d. To provide telemetry data
Answer: c. To modify Envoy behavior
25. What is the purpose of Istio CNI plugin?
a. To provide network policies for microservices
b. To allow for automatic sidecar injection
c. To integrate with Kubernetes network policies
d. None of the above
Answer: b. To allow for automatic sidecar injection
26. How does Istio handle retries?
a. By using Envoy’s retry feature
b. By using Kubernetes retry feature
c. By using Istio-specific retry feature
d. None of the above
Answer: a. By using Envoy’s retry feature
27. How does Istio handle load balancing for TCP traffic?
a. By using Envoy’s TCP load balancing feature
b. By using Kubernetes TCP load balancing feature
c. By using Istio-specific TCP load balancing feature
d. None of the above
Answer: a. By using Envoy’s TCP load balancing feature
28. Which Istio component provides mTLS certificates?
a. Citadel
b. Mixer
c. Pilot
d. Sidecar
Answer: a. Citadel
29. How does Istio handle timeouts?
a. By using Envoy’s timeout feature
b. By using Kubernetes timeout feature
c. By using Istio-specific timeout feature
d. None of the above
Answer: a. By using Envoy’s timeout feature
30. Which Istio component integrates with Kubernetes API server?
a. Mixer
b. Pilot
c. Citadel
d. Sidecar
Answer: b. Pilot
31. How does Istio handle request routing?
a. By using Envoy’s routing feature
b. By using Kubernetes routing feature
c. By using Istio-specific routing feature
d. None of the above
Answer: a. By using Envoy’s routing feature
32. Which Istio component provides security certificate rotation?
a. Mixer
b. Pilot
c. Citadel
d. Sidecar
Answer: c. Citadel
33. What is Istio gateway?
a. An ingress point to the service mesh
b. An egress point from the service mesh
c. A security feature that handles certificates
d. None of the above
Answer: a. An ingress point to the service mesh
34. What is the role of Sidecar Injector in Istio?
a. To provide observability
b. To manage microservices
c. To inject sidecar into microservices
d. To provide traffic management
Answer: c. To inject sidecar into microservices
35. What is Istio Proxy?
a. A reverse proxy for HTTP traffic
b. A high-performance proxy for TCP traffic
c. A proxy that works at the application level
d. None of the above
Answer: b. A high-performance proxy for TCP traffic
36. What is the role of VirtualService in Istio?
a. To provide observability
b. To manage microservices
c. To implement service routing rules
d. To provide traffic management
Answer: c. To implement service routing rules
37. Which Istio component provides policy controls for microservices?
a. Mixer
b. Pilot
c. Citadel
d. Sidecar
Answer: a. Mixer
38. What is Istio Multicluster?
a. A security feature that handles traffic between clusters
b. A feature that allows Istio to manage multiple clusters
c. An add-on for Istio that enables multi-cluster communication
d. None of the above
Answer: b. A feature that allows Istio to manage multiple clusters
39. What is the role of Istiod in Istio?
a. To provide observability
b. To manage microservices
c. To enable service-to-service communication
d. To provide traffic management
Answer: c. To enable service-to-service communication
40. What is the role of Canary deployments in Istio?
a. To gradually roll out new versions of services
b. To enforce security policies
c. To provide observability of microservices
d. None of the above
Answer: a. To gradually roll out new versions of services
41. What is Istio ServiceEntry?
a. A way of exposing external services to the mesh
b. A way of exposing internal services to the mesh
c. A way of controlling traffic between microservices
d. None of the above
Answer: a. A way of exposing external services to the mesh
42. What is the role of DestinationRule in Istio?
a. To provide observability
b. To manage microservices
c. To define how traffic is to be routed
d. To provide traffic management
Answer: c. To define how traffic is to be routed
43. Which Istio component handles service registry integration?
a. Mixer
b. Pilot
c. Citadel
d. Sidecar
Answer: b. Pilot
44. What is the role of Istio Outlier Detection?
a. To handle fault injection
b. To provide observability of microservices
c. To manage connection level issues
d. None of the above
Answer: c. To manage connection level issues
45. Which Istio component provides distributed tracing visualization?
a. Jaeger
b. Prometheus
c. Grafana
d. Elasticsearch
Answer: c. Grafana
46. What is the purpose of Kubernetes labels in Istio?
a. To provide observability of microservices
b. To manage microservices
c. To implement routing rules
d. To provide telemetry data
Answer: b. To manage microservices
47. Which Istio component provides policy enforcement?
a. Mixer
b. Pilot
c. Citadel
d. Sidecar
Answer: c. Citadel
48. What is the role of Istio Resilience Testing?
a. To provide observability of microservices
b. To handle fault injection
c. To manage connection level issues
d. None of the above
Answer: b. To handle fault injection
49. What is the role of EnvoyAccessLogger in Istio?
a. To provide telemetry data
b. To collect access logs
c. To implement security policies
d. To manage microservices
Answer: b. To collect access logs
50. What is the role of Istio AuthorizationPolicy?
a. To handle service-to-service authorization
b. To handle client-to-service authorization
c. To provide observability of microservices
d. None of the above
Answer: a. To handle service-to-service authorization
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